Kazan medical journalKazan medical journal0368-48142587-9359Eco-Vector888910.17816/KMJ2018-397Research ArticleFetal growth restriction: features of somatomental development in infancyDolgovaN Sauthor-dolgovans@yandex.ruYavorskayaS Dauthor-dolgovans@yandex.ruAltai State Medical University1506201899339740128052018Copyright © 2018, Dolgova N.S., Yavorskaya S.D.2018<p><strong>Aim.</strong> To determine the features of physical and somatic health of full-term infants with fetal growth restriction during the first year.</p>
<p><strong>Methods.</strong> A retrospective analysis of 100 neonatal medical records of full-term infants was performed. All children were divided into 2 groups: group 1 - full-term infants, who were diagnosed with fetal growth restriction at birth (n=50), group 2 - full term infants born with normal body weight (n=50). Control points of comparison were neonatal period, months of life 1, 3, 6 and 12. Overall anthropometric data (length, weight, head and chest circumference), incidence and structure of morbidity and child's key system involvement were assessed.</p>
<p><strong>Results.</strong> Full-term newborns with fetal growth restriction present a risk group of growth and weight gain retardation during infancy, perinatal disorders of central nervous system persistent in 2812% of cases by year 1 and, consequently, restriction of psychomotor (1610%) and pre-verbal development (1610%). Full-term low birth-weight newborns are characterized by short period of breast feeding and are included into the group of frequently ill children. The most vulnerable system, except for central nervous system, is the respiratory system.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Children born with fetal growth restriction by the full term of gestation require special approach: diagnosis of and degree of central nervous system perinatal disorders at the first minutes of life, dynamic monitoring and personalized rehabilitation and preventive measures during the first year of life.v</p>fetal growth restrictionincidenceperinatal disorders of central nervous systemnewbornsinfancyзадержка роста плодазаболеваемостьперинатальные поражения центральной нервной системыноворождённыепериод младенчества[Radzinskiy V.E. 21st century obstetrics: science, practice and teaching. Kazan medical journal. 2011; 92 (5): 694–697. (In Russ.)][Ul'yanina E.V., Akhmadeev N.R., Khayrullina G.R. Placental pathology in case of fetal growth restriction — sonographic and morphological indicators of the critical condition. Kazan medical journal. 2016; 97 (6): 869–872. (In Russ.)][Sharma D., Farahbakhsh N., Shastri S. et al. Intrauterine growth restriction — part 2. J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 2016; 29 (24): 4037–4048. DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2016.1154525.][Murki S., Sharma D. Intrauterine growth retardation — a review article. J. Neonatal. Biol. 2014; 3: 315. DOI: 10.4172/2167-0897.1000135.][Wang Yan, Fu Wei, Liu Jing. Neurodevelopment in children with intrauterine growth restriction: adverse effects and interventions. J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 2016; 29 (4): 660–668. DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1015417.][Chernausek S.D. Update: consequences of abnormal fetal growth. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2012; 97: 689–695. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-2741.][Wixey J.A., Chand K.K., Colditz P.B. et al. Review: Neuroinflammation in intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta. 2017; 54: 117–124. DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.11/012.][Goncharova O.V. Consequences of perinatal hypoxic disorders of central nervous system in children and methods of their pharmacologic correction. Pediatriya. Prilozhenie k zhurnalu Consilium Medicum. 2009; 3: 101–105. (In Russ.)][Fomenko B.A., Parusov V.N. Features of adaptation of neonates with restriction of central nervous system development and state of secundines. Rossiyskiy vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii. 2002; (6): 5–8. (In Russ.)][Koval'chuk-Kovalevskaya O.V. Features of the formation of the central nervous system function in newborn children with intrauterine growth retardation. Zhurnal akusherstva i zhenskikh bolezney. 2010; 59 (1): 110–115. (In Russ.)][Blinov D.V. Modern approaches to patogenesis and prognosis of CNS hypoxic-ischemic lesion outcomes in perinatal period. Akusherstvo, ginekologiya i reproduktsiya. 2012; 6 (3): 34–38. (In Russ.)][Partsalis E.M. Risk factors of violation of cognitive development in children. Novye issledovaniya. 2013; (2): 4–22. (In Russ.)]