<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">7823</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ2018-144</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical observations</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические наблюдения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Case of uterine scar rupture in the second trimester of pregnancy after preceding caesarean section</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Случай разрыва матки по рубцу во II триместре гестации после предыдущего кесарева сечения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurmanbaev</surname><given-names>T E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курманбаев</surname><given-names>Тимур Ерланович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>timka_rus@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tukhvatullina</surname><given-names>L M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тухватуллина</surname><given-names>Лилия Мухаметзяновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>timka_rus@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khayrullina</surname><given-names>E A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайруллина</surname><given-names>Эльвира Абдулхаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>timka_rus@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gataullina</surname><given-names>N M</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гатауллина</surname><given-names>Наиля Миннатулловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>timka_rus@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhirnov</surname><given-names>V A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жирнов</surname><given-names>Виталий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>timka_rus@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Hospital No. 11</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница №11</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанская государственная медицинская академия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Samara State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2018-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 99, NO1 (2018)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 99, №1 (2018)</issue-title><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-02-06"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2018, Kurmanbaev T.E., Tukhvatullina L.M., Khayrullina E.A., Gataullina N.M., Zhirnov V.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2018, Курманбаев Т.Е., Тухватуллина Л.М., Хайруллина Э.А., Гатауллина Н.М., Жирнов В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurmanbaev T.E., Tukhvatullina L.M., Khayrullina E.A., Gataullina N.M., Zhirnov V.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курманбаев Т.Е., Тухватуллина Л.М., Хайруллина Э.А., Гатауллина Н.М., Жирнов В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/7823">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/7823</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Uterine rupture is one of the rare and severe complications of pregnancy and childbirth. It most often occurs in the third trimester however there are publications on cases of uterine rupture in the second trimester. In the available Russian literature we were unable to find any publications regarding uterine scar rupture in the second trimester after preceding caesarean section; available publications focus on uterine scar rupture after preceding myomectomy. Prevalence of caesarean section has recently increased dramatically both in the world and in Russia, besides the data about possibility of pregnancy prolongation in case of uterine scar rupture appeared. It encouraged us to present clinical observation. It demonstrates that uterine scar rupture in the early stages of pregnancy is paucisymptomatic and is often considered as a threatening miscarriage. It is necessary to remember that threatening miscarriage is usually characterized by shortening and softening of the cervix which are not observed in case of threatening or accomplished uterine scar rupture. As such factors, as the time of uterine rupture symptoms occurence, gestational age, localization of placenta, absence of placenta rotation, fetal viability, size of the uterine scar and the characteristics of scar rupture are the main predictors for the decision of pregnancy prolongation in case of uterine scar rupture, so the early diagnosis of such condition is of great importance.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Разрыв матки - одно из редких и грозных осложнений беременности и родов. Наиболее часто он встречается в III триместре, однако есть публикации о случаях разрыва матки и во II триместре. В доступной нам отечественной литературе мы не обнаружили публикаций о случаях разрыва матки во II триместре по рубцу после предыдущего кесарева сечения; существующие публикации касались разрыва по рубцу после предшествующей миомэктомии. Частота кесарева сечения и в мире, и в России за последние годы резко возросла, а также появились данные о возможности пролонгирования беременности при разрыве матки по рубцу. Это побудило нас представить собственное клиническое наблюдение. Оно наглядно демонстрирует, что разрыв матки по рубцу на ранних сроках имеет достаточно стёртую картину и довольно часто клиницистами расценивается как угроза прерывания беременности. Необходимо помнить, что для угрозы прерывания беременности характерны укорочение и размягчение шейки матки, чего не происходит при угрожающем или свершившемся разрыве матки по рубцу. Поскольку основными предикторами в решении вопроса пролонгирования беременности в случае разрыва матки по рубцу бывают такие факторы, как время появления симптоматики разрыва матки, срок гестации, локализация плацентации, отсутствие вращения плаценты, жизнеспособность плода, размер имеющегося дефекта, а также характер разрыва, то наибольшее значение приобретает ранняя диагностика этого состояния.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>the second trimester</kwd><kwd>uterine scar rupture</kwd><kwd>cesarean section</kwd><kwd>intrauterine fetal death</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>II триместр</kwd><kwd>разрыв матки по рубцу</kwd><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>внутриутробная смерть плода</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pakniat H., Soofizadeh N., Khezri M.B. Spontaneous uterine rupture after abdominal myomectomy at the gestational age of 20 weeks in pregnancy: A case report. Int. J. Reprod. BioMed. 2016; 14 (7): 483–486. PMID: 27525334.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pakniat H., Soofizadeh N., Khezri M.B. Spontaneous uterine rupture after abdominal myomectomy at the gestational age of 20 weeks in pregnancy: A case report. Int. J. Reprod. BioMed. 2016; 14 (7): 483-486. PMID: 27525334.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bharatnur S., Hebbar S., Shyamala G. Early second trimester uterine scar rupture. BMJ Case Rep. 2013; 2013: bcr2013200960. DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200960.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Torriente M.C. Silent uterine rupture with the use of Misoprostol for second trimester termination of pregnancy: A case report. Hindawi Publishing Corp. Obstet. Gynecol. Intern. 2011; 2011: 584652. DOI: 10.1155/2011/584652.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ushakov Yu.E., Pruglo A.K., Budak V.S., Kosolapova N.V. Case of a hysterorrhexis during the patient’s pregnancy after a conservative myomectomy without suturing the uterus in anamnesis. Tavricheskiy mediko-biologicheskiy vestnik. 2013; 16 (2-2): 166–168. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ушаков Ю.Э., Пругло А.К., Будак В.С., Косолапова Н.В. Случай разрыва матки во время беременности после консервативной миомэктомии без ушивания матки в анамнезе. Таврический мед.-биол. вестн. 2013; 16 (2-2): 166-168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tskhay V.B., Kolesnichenko A.P., Garber Yu.G. et al. Spontaneous rupture of uterus at scar after cesarean section combined with ingrowth of placenta. Sibirskoe meditsinskoe obozrenie. 2015; (4): 74–78. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цхай В.Б., Колесниченко А.П., Гарбер Ю.Г. и др. Спонтанный разрыв матки по рубцу после операции кесарева сечения в сочетании с врастанием плаценты. Сибир. мед. обозрение. 2015; (4): 74- 78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lannon Sophia M.R., Guthrie Katherine A., Vanderhoeven Jeroen P., Hilary S. Gammill uterine rupture risk after periviable Cesarean delivery. Obstet. Gynecol. 2015; 125 (5): 1095–1100. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000832.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lannon Sophia M.R., Guthrie Katherine A., Vanderhoeven Jeroen P., Hilary S. Gammill uterine rupture risk after periviable Cesarean delivery. Obstet. Gynecol. 2015; 125 (5): 1095-1100. DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000832.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vervoort A.J.M.W., Uittenbogaard L.B., Hehenkamp W.J.K. et al. Why do niches develop in Caesarean uterine scars? Hypotheses on the aetiology of niche development. Human Reprod. 2015; 30 (12): 2695– 2702. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vervoort A.J.M.W., Uittenbogaard L.B., Hehenkamp W.J.K. et al. Why do niches develop in Caesarean uterine scars? Hypotheses on the aetiology of niche development. Human Reprod. 2015; 30 (12): 2695- 2702. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abalos E. Caesarean section surgical techniques: 3 year follow-up of the CORONIS fractional, factorial, unmasked, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016; 388 (10 039): 62–72. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00204-X.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abalos E. Caesarean section surgical techniques: 3 year follow-up of the CORONIS fractional, factorial, unmasked, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016; 388 (10 039): 62-72. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00204-X.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bamberg C., Dudenhausen J.W., Bujak V. et al. A prospective randomized clinical trial of single vs. double layer closure of hysterotomy at the time of Cesarean delivery: The effect on uterine scar thickness. Ultraschall. Med. 2016; 5: 492–497. DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bamberg C., Dudenhausen J.W., Bujak V. et al. A prospective randomized clinical trial of single vs. double layer closure of hysterotomy at the time of Cesarean delivery: The effect on uterine scar thickness. Ultraschall. Med. 2016; 5: 492-497. DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112223.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kataoka S., Tanuma F., Iwaki Y. et al. Comparison of the primary cesarean hysterotomy scars after single- and double-layer interrupted closure. Acta. Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2016; 95 (12): 1352–1358. DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kataoka S., Tanuma F., Iwaki Y. et al. Comparison of the primary cesarean hysterotomy scars after single- and double-layer interrupted closure. Acta. Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2016; 95 (12): 1352-1358. DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gabidullina R.I., Fatkullin I.F., Galimova I.R. et al. Local blood flow in suture region on uterus in cesarean section. Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2002; 83 (3): 203–208. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Габидуллина Р.И., Фаткуллин И.Ф., Галимова И.Р. и др. Локальный кровоток в области шва на матке при операции кесарева сечения. Казанский мед. ж. 2002; 83 (3): 203-208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sugawara T., Ogawa M., Tanaka T. Repair of uterine rupture during second trimester leading to successful pregnancy outcome: Case study and literature’s review. Am. J. Perinatol. Rep. 2014; 4 (1): 9–12. DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1361926.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sugawara T., Ogawa M., Tanaka T. Repair of uterine rupture during second trimester leading to successful pregnancy outcome: Case study and literature’s review. Am. J. Perinatol. Rep. 2014; 4 (1): 9-12. DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1361926.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ogawa M. Factors that influence proper management after repair of uterine rupture in the second trimester: rupture site or size, and involvement of protruding membrane. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2016; 207: 9–12. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.10.043.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ogawa M. Factors that influence proper management after repair of uterine rupture in the second trimester: rupture site or size, and involvement of protruding membrane. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2016; 207: 9-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.10.043.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zdravookhranenie v Rossii. Statisticheskiy sbornik Rosstat. (Healthcare in Russia. Statistical handbook of Rosstat.) Moscow. 2015; 174 р.(In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение в России. Статистический сборник Росстат. М. 2015; 174 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. World health statistics 2016. World Health Organization. 2016; 125 p.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
