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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">77299</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ2022-617</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Selectins and their involvement in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Селектины и их участие в патогенезе сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0817-9573</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5009-2318</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>Roman E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Роман Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D. Sci., Prof., Head, Depart. of cardiovascular, endovascular, operative surgery and topographic anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук., проф., зав. каф., каф. сердечно-сосудистой, рентгенэндоваскулярной хирургии и лучевой диагностики</p></bio><email>kalinin-re@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7974-2450</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">I-8028-2018</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3651-3813</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkova</surname><given-names>Nataliy V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Короткова</surname><given-names>Наталья Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Cand. Sci., Assoc. Prof., Depart. of biological chemistry with course of clinical laboratory diagnostics, Continuing Professional Education Faculty, Senior Researcher, Central Research Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц., каф. биологической химии с курсом клинической лабораторной диагностики факультета дополнительного профессионального образования, с.н.с. ЦНИЛ</p></bio><email>fnv8@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1292-5452</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6473-8662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suchkov</surname><given-names>Igor A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сучков</surname><given-names>Игорь Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D. Sci., Prof., Depart. of cardiovascular, endovascular, operative surgery and topographic anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук., проф., каф. сердечно-сосудистой, рентгенэндоваскулярной, оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p></bio><email>i.suchkov@rzgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5437-1112</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">M-1732-2016</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7757-8854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mzhavanadze</surname><given-names>Nina D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мжаванадзе</surname><given-names>Нина Джансуговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Cand. Sci., Assoc. Prof., Depart. of cardiovascular, endovascular, operative surgery and topographic anatomy, senior researcher at the central research laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц., каф. сердечно-сосудистой, рентгенэндоваскулярной, оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии, с.н.с. ЦНИЛ</p></bio><email>nina_mzhavanadze@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-747X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">S-1779-2016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabkov</surname><given-names>Alexander N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябков</surname><given-names>Александр Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D. Sci., Prof., Depart. of cardiovascular, endovascular, operative surgery and topographic anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук., доц., каф. фармакологии с курсом фармации факультета дополнительного профессионального образования</p></bio><email>ryabkov.an@tfoms-rzn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ryazan State Medical University named after I.P. Pavlov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>617</fpage><lpage>627</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-11-01"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-02"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-08-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/77299">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/77299</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review presents current data on the structure and functional role of cell adhesion molecules belonging to the selectin family (selectins P, L and E), and their involvement in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. On the one hand, intercellular adhesion molecules of the vascular wall endothelium, platelets and leukocytes are an important link in the processes of vasculogenesis, development and regeneration of the vascular system. On the other hand, these molecules participate in the earliest stages of endothelial dysfunction with the subsequent development of pathology. For this reason, figuring out the mechanisms of activity of this group of molecules is very important for understanding the molecular basis of the cardiovascular diseases pathogenesis. The adhesion of molecules, both between cells and between cells and a component of the extracellular matrix, is the most important stage of physiological and biochemical processes. According to present knowledge, five classes of intercellular adhesion molecules are known: integrins, cadherins, immunoglobulins (including nectins), selectins and addressins. All of them are bonded to a cytoplasmic membrane and provide the interaction of cells with each other. Some of them are transmembrane and associated with the cytoskeleton of the cell. On the cell surface, intercellular adhesion molecules can be located in clusters, forming multipoint binding sites and thereby determining the degree of avidity. One of the most significant functions of selectins is participation in the initial stage of the leukocyte adhesion cascade, which results in their binding to the endothelium, rolling and further extravasation into tissues. The first stage of this process is mediated by specific non-covalent interactions between selectins and their glycan ligands, with the glycans functioning as an interface between leukocytes or cancer cells and the endothelium. Targeting these interactions remains one of the main strategies aimed at developing new methods of treating immune, inflammatory and oncological diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре представлены современные данные о структуре и функциональной роли молекул клеточной адгезии, принадлежащих к семейству селектинов — селектинов Р, L и Е, — и их участии в патогенезе сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Молекулы межклеточной адгезии эндотелия сосудистой стенки, тромбоцитов и лейкоцитов служат важным звеном в процессах васкулогенеза, развития и регенерации сосудистой системы, с одной стороны, и участниками наиболее ранних этапов нарушения функции эндотелия с последующим развитием патологии — с другой. По этой причине для понимания молекулярных основ патогенеза сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний очень важны представления о механизмах деятельности данной группы молекул. Адгезия молекул, как между клетками, так и между клетками и компонентом внеклеточного матрикса, — важнейший этап физиологических и биохимических процессов. На сегодняшний день известно пять классов молекул межклеточной адгезии: интегрины, кадгерины, иммуноглобулины (в том числе нектины), селектины и адрессины. Все они связаны с цитоплазматической мембраной и обеспечивают взаимодействие клеток друг с другом. Некоторые из них являются трансмембранными и связаны с цитоскелетом клетки. На поверхности клеток молекулы межклеточной адгезии могут располагаться кластерами, образуя участки многоточечного связывания и тем самым определяя степень авидности. Одна из наиболее значимых функций селектинов — участие в начальной стадии каскада адгезии лейкоцитов, в результате которой происходят их связывание с эндотелием, роллинг и дальнейшая экстравазация в ткани. Первый этап этого процесса опосредован специфическими нековалентными взаимодействиями между селектинами и их гликановыми лигандами, при этом гликаны функционируют в качестве интерфейса между лейкоцитами или раковыми клетками и эндотелием. Нацеленность на эти взаимодействия остаётся одной из основных стратегий, направленных на разработку новых методов лечения иммунных, воспалительных и онкологических заболеваний.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>P, L, E selectins</kwd><kwd>intercellular adhesion molecules</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>селектины P, L и E</kwd><kwd>молекулы межклеточной адгезии</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Бюджет ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. 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