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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6877</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17750/KMJ2017-576</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and clinical medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретическая и клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Role of thymidylate synthase as a predictor of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in rectal cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль тимидилатсинтетазы в качестве предиктивного фактора неоадъювантной химиолучевой терапии при раке прямой кишки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliyarov</surname><given-names>Yu R</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алияров</surname><given-names>Юсиф Рауф оглы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mic_amu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melikova</surname><given-names>L A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меликова</surname><given-names>Лейла Арастун кызы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mic_amu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kerimov</surname><given-names>A Kh</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Керимов</surname><given-names>Афлатун Худкар оглы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mic_amu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagirova</surname><given-names>E E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багирова</surname><given-names>Эльнара Эльдар кызы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mic_amu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mekhdizade</surname><given-names>S G</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мехдизаде</surname><given-names>Сабина Гамбар кызы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>mic_amu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Centre of Oncology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный онкологический центр</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 98, NO4 (2017)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 98, №4 (2017)</issue-title><fpage>576</fpage><lpage>580</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-08-08"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, Aliyarov Y.R., Melikova L.A., Kerimov A.K., Bagirova E.E., Mekhdizade S.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, Алияров Ю.Р., Меликова Л.А., Керимов А.Х., Багирова Э.Э., Мехдизаде С.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aliyarov Y.R., Melikova L.A., Kerimov A.K., Bagirova E.E., Mekhdizade S.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алияров Ю.Р., Меликова Л.А., Керимов А.Х., Багирова Э.Э., Мехдизаде С.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/6877">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/6877</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To study the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression in biopsy material from patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. </p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold> Analysis of treatment of 101 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (T3-4, N0-2, M0) was conducted. Measurement of the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression was performed by polymerase chain reaction. To extract ribonucleic acid Qiagen (RNA easy FFPEkit; Qiagen,GmbH,Germany) reagents were used. </p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Cancer pathomorphosis stage TRG 1 was revealed in 23 (22.7%) patients, TRG 2 - in 31 (30.7%) patients, TRG 3 - in 32 (31.7%) patients, complete clinical response (i.e. complete tumor resorption TRG 4) - in 15 (14.9%) patients. Analysis of thymidylate synthase gene expression in patients with poor response to chemoradiation therapy showed that in 34.8% of cases high expression was revealed, while in 65.2% of cases - low expression. Among patients with complete clinical response significant prevalence of patients with high expression of thymidylate synthase gene was revealed - 73.3%, and in 26.7% of patients with pathomorphosis of grade 4 low expression of this gene was registered. In patients with tumor regression grade 2 and 3 no significant difference in patients’ ratio was revealed. The most prominent correlation according to the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression was found in patients without the response to conducted chemoradiation therapy (with prevalence of patients with low expression) and complete tumor regression (with prevalence of patients with high expression). </p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> There is inverse correlation between the grade of tumor regression and thymidylate synthase gene expression; evaluation of the level of thymidylate synthase gene expression and response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy requires further investigation both on molecular and clinical levels.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучить степень экспрессии гена тимидилатсинтетазы в биопсийном материале у больных раком прямой кишки, перенёсших неоадъювантную радиохимиотерапию. </p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Проведён анализ лечения 101 больного местнораспространённым раком прямой кишки (Т3-4, N0-2, M0). Определение уровня экспрессии гена тимидилатсинтетазы проводили методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Для выделения рибонуклеиновой кислоты были использованы реагенты фирмы Qiagen (RNA easy FFPEkit; Qiagen, GmbH, Germany). </p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Стадия патоморфоза опухоли TRG 1 была отмечена у 23 (22,7%) больных, TRG 2 выявлена у 31 (30,7%) больного, TRG 3 - у 32 (31,7%) больных, полный клинический ответ (то есть полная резорбция опухоли - TRG 4) - у 15 (14,9%) пациентов. Анализ экспрессии гена тимидилатсинтетазы у больных со слабой реакцией на химиолучевую терапию показал, что в 34,8% случаев была отмечена высокая экспрессия, в то время как у 65,2% больных - низкая. Среди пациентов с полным клиническим ответом отмечено значительное преобладание больных с высокой экспрессией гена тимидилатсинтетазы - 73,3%, а у 26,7% больных с патоморфозом 4-й степени зарегистрирована низкая экспрессия данного гена. У больных со степенью регресса опухоли 2 и 3 выраженной разницы в соотношении больных не было. Наиболее выраженное соотношение пациентов в зависимости от степени экспрессии тимидилатсинтетазы отмечено у больных с отсутствием ответа на проводимую химиолучевую терапию (с преобладанием больных с низкой экспрессией) и полной регрессией опухоли (с преобладанием больных с высокой экспрессией). </p> <p><bold>Вывод.</bold> Существует обратная зависимость между степенью регресса опухоли и экспрессией гена тимидилатсинтетазы; оценка степени экспрессии гена тимидилатсинтетазы и ответа опухоли прямой кишки на неоадъювантную химиолучевую терапию требует дальнейших исследований как на молекулярном, так и на клиническом уровнях.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rectal cancer</kwd><kwd>thymidylate synthase</kwd><kwd>neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак прямой кишки</kwd><kwd>тимидилатсинтетаза</kwd><kwd>неоадъювантная радиохимиотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Habr-Gama A., Perez R.O. et al. 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