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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">649282</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ649282</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">UGQHUE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Gestational weight gain as a risk factor for pregnancy and delivery complications</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гестационная прибавка массы тела как фактор риска осложнений беременности и родов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6691-4413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>Nikita V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>Никита Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), obstetrician-gynecologist of the clinic</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач — акушер-гинеколог клиники</p></bio><email>nkt.yakovlev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7567-6043</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3091-2151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabidullina</surname><given-names>Rushania I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габидуллина</surname><given-names>Рушанья Исмагиловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head, Depart. of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after V.S. Gruzdev</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая, каф. акушерства и гинекологии им. проф. В.С. Груздева</p></bio><email>ru.gabidullina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-746X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Issenova</surname><given-names>Saule Sh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исенова</surname><given-names>Сауле Шакеновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head, Depart. of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a course in Clinical Genetics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующая, каф. акушерства и гинекологии с курсом клинической генетики</p></bio><email>Isenova10@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">ImmunoHealth Personal Complex Therapy Clinic</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника иммунодиетологии и комплексной терапии ImmunoHealth</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный медицинский университет им. С.Д. Асфендиярова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-01-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>107</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-29"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-13"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2029-02-08"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/649282">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/649282</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Gestational weight gain may affect the health of a woman and her child in the short and long term. Both inadequate and excessive weight gain are associated with several adverse pregnancy and delivery outcomes for the mother and fetus. However, optimal ranges of weight gain during pregnancy remain unclear and insufficiently studied for all categories of pregestational body mass index. This review aimed to examine the relationship between ranges of gestational weight gain and the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. It also aimed to assess the specific features of gestational weight gain based on pregestational body mass index and which strategies can optimize it. The source search was conducted in eLibrary.Ru, PubMed, Medline, Crossref, and Google Scholar databases from 2009 to 2025 using the following keywords: “гестационная прибавка веса” (gestational weight gain), “осложнения беременности” (pregnancy complications), “ожирение” (obesity), “гестационный сахарный диабет” (gestational diabetes mellitus), and “макросомия” (macrosomia). Preference was given to data from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Pregestational body mass index is a crucial predictor of favorable pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, it should be considered the primary target for preventing pregnancy and delivery complications associated with excessive body weight and obesity. Inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain are linked to an increased risk of adverse pregnancy and delivery outcomes for the mother (e.g., gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, complicated labor, and increased risk of cesarean section) and fetus (e.g., growth disorders, prematurity, and birth trauma). Currently, no unified protocol exists for managing patients with weight changes during preconception care and pregnancy. This is further complicated by regional factors (e.g., place of residence, dietary traditions, and cultural differences) and individual factors (e.g., influence of the immediate social environment, constitutional characteristics, and childhood and adolescent conditions). Population-level studies examining the causes and consequences of variations in gestational weight gain should be continued as they are critical for decreasing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Гестационная прибавка массы тела может оказывать влияние на здоровье женщины и её ребёнка в ближайшем и отдалённом периоде. Как недостаточная, так и избыточная прибавка массы тела ассоциируются с развитием ряда неблагоприятных исходов беременности и родов для матери и плода. Однако оптимальные диапазоны прибавки массы тела во время беременности остаются неопределёнными и недостаточно изученными для всех категорий исходного индекса массы тела. Цель обзора — изучить взаимосвязь между диапазонами гестационной прибавки массы тела и риском неблагоприятных исходов для матери и ребёнка, а также оценить особенности гестационной прибавки массы тела в зависимости от индекса массы тела до беременности и стратегии, направленные на её оптимизацию. Поиск публикаций проводили в базах данных eLibrary.Ru, PubMed, MedLine, Crossref и Google Scholar с 2009 по 2025 год по ключевым словам: «гестационная прибавка веса», «осложнения беременности», «ожирение», «гестационный сахарный диабет», «макросомия». Предпочтение отдавали данным рандомизированных контролируемых исследований, систематических обзоров и метаанализов. Исходный индекс массы тела до беременности является один из наиболее важных предикторов благоприятного исхода беременности. В связи с этим именно исходный индекс массы тела следует рассматривать в качестве основной мишени профилактики осложнений беременности и родов, связанных с избыточной массой тела и ожирением. Как недостаточная, так и избыточная гестационная прибавка массы тела ассоциируются с повышенным риском осложнённого течения беременности и родов как для матери (гестационная артериальная гипертензия, гестационный сахарный диабет, преждевременные роды, осложнённые роды, повышенный риск кесарева сечения), так и для плода (нарушение роста, недоношенность, родовая травма). На данный момент не существует единого протокола ведения пациенток с изменениями массы тела при подготовке к беременности и в период гестации. Эта проблема осложняется региональными особенностями (район проживания, традиции питания, культурные различия) и индивидуальными (влияние близкого окружения, конституциональные особенности, условия детства и отрочества). Следует продолжать популяционные исследования, связанные с изучением причин и последствий изменения гестационной прибавки массы тела, что позволит снизить частоту материнской и перинатальной заболеваемости и смертности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gestational weight gain</kwd><kwd>pregnancy complications</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>gestational diabetes</kwd><kwd>fetal macrosomia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гестационная прибавка массы тела</kwd><kwd>осложнения беременности</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>гестационный сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>макросомия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aoyama T, Li D, Bay JL. Weight Gain and Nutrition during Pregnancy: An Analysis of Clinical Practice Guidelines in the Asia-Pacific Region. 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