Kazan medical journalKazan medical journalКазанский медицинский журнал0368-48142587-9359Eco-Vector63718010.17816/KMJ637180NRMGLHReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleCardiovascular diseases and personality typeКардиоваскулярные заболевания и тип личностиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7228-58484211-2171BulashovaOlga V.БулашоваОльга Васильевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Depart. of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases named after Prof. S.S. Zimnitsky

д-р мед. наук, профессор, каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней им. проф. С.С. Зимницкого

boulashova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-02778957-0513MukhitovaElza I.МухитоваЭльза Илхамовна
Russian Federation

Cardiologist, Cardiology Depart. 4

врач-кардиолог, кардиологическое отделение № 4

elza100487@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-28927013-4320KhazovaElena V.ХазоваЕлена Владимировна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Depart. of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases Named after Professor S.S. Zimnitsky, therapist

д-р мед. наук, доцент, каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней им. проф. С.С. Зимницкого, врач-терапевт

hazova_elena@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-76011825-5493PodolskayaAlla A.ПодольскаяАлла Анатольевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Depart. of Internal Diseases FSBEI, Cardiologist, Head, Cardiology Depart. 4

канд. мед. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней; врач-кардиолог, заведующая, кардиологическое отделение № 4

alla.podolsckaya@yndex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3707-65119818-5421ValeevaIldaria K.ВалееваИлдария Хайрулловна
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Tselni FSBEN

д-р биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник, ЦНИЛ

valeeva.ildaria@yandex.ruKazan State Medical UniversityКазанский государственный медицинский университетCity clinical hospital No. 7 named M.N. SadykovГородская клиническая больница № 7 им. М.Н. СадыковаHospital for War Veterans, Consultative ClinicГоспиталь для ветеранов войн, Консультативная поликлиника250920250510202510658108181810202428042025Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор2025Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/637180

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death, especially in developed countries. As new evidence-based medical findings emerge, the range of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases expands. Modern cardiology acknowledges that the development of a cardiovascular risk management system is critical. Psychological aspects, including personality, emotional regulation, and associated behaviors, have been found to contribute to cardiovascular disease onset and progression. This review summarizes and systematizes information from clinical studies and systematic reviews published through PubMed and eLIBRARY.RU. These databases were searched for articles detailing how personality types may influence the clinical course and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases through the interplay with various biological and behavioral factors. Moreover, this study provides an overview of personality types A, B, AB, and D and the methods for their identification. These methods include the Jenkins and Wasserman–Gumenyuk questionnaires, which were adapted for the Russian-speaking population to align with the cultural context, focusing on identifying personality type D (DS-14). Enhancing medical professionals’ awareness of personality traits and their role in cardiovascular diseases can facilitate deeper understanding of the causes of patient maladaptation and improve the effectiveness of strategies for preventing complications. Targeted and prompt psychotherapeutic interventions will contribute to the modification of negative aspects, decrease cardiovascular event risk, increase treatment compliance, and increase life expectancy.

Кардиоваскулярные заболевания являются одной из ведущих причин смертности населения, особенно в экономически развитых странах. Перечень факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых болезней расширяется по мере поступления новых данных, полученных посредством доказательной медицины. Создание системы управления сердечно-сосудистыми рисками признаётся актуальной задачей современной кардиологии. Среди факторов риска, способствующих развитию и прогрессированию кардиоваскулярных заболеваний, выделяют и психологические, включая эмоционально-личностные характеристики и обусловленные ими типы поведенческой активности. В представленном обзоре с помощью поисковых систем PubMed и eLIBRARY.RU обобщена и систематизирована информация источников клинических исследований, систематических обзоров, проведён поиск публикаций по влиянию различных типов личности на развитие, течение и прогноз сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний через взаимодействие с разнообразными биологическими и поведенческими факторами. В статье приводятся данные о типах личности А, Б, АБ и Д, а также способах их определения (опросники Дженкинса и Вассермана–Гуменюка, адаптированные для русскоязычной аудитории с учётом особенностей менталитета; для выявления типа личности Д — DS-14). Повышение осведомлённости врачей о роли личностных качеств и их влиянии на сердечно-сосудистые заболевания способствует углублению знаний о причинах дезадаптации пациента и увеличению эффективности мер, направленных на профилактику осложнений. Целенаправленная и своевременная психотерапевтическая коррекция будет способствовать модификации негативных аспектов, снижению риска сердечно-сосудистых событий, росту комплаентности к лечению и увеличению продолжительности жизни пациентов.

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