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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">635621</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ635621</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HDOCWS</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and clinical medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретическая и клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Impact of Nonhormonal Therapy for Climacteric Syndrome on the Efficacy of Antiarrhythmic Drugs in Women with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние негормональной терапии климактерического синдрома на эффективность антиаритмических средств у женщин с пароксизмальной фибрилляцией предсердий</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>更年期综合征非激素治疗对阵发性心房颤动妇女抗心律失常药物疗效的影响</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-544X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5748-7530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmatullov</surname><given-names>Ruslan F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахматуллов</surname><given-names>Руслан Фагимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Depart. of Internal Diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, каф. внутренних болезней</p></bio><email>capitalofgreat@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Penza State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пензенский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>106</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>382</fpage><lpage>388</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-09-03"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-06-15"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/635621">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/635621</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The interaction between antiarrhythmic agents and nonhormonal therapies in women with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and vasomotor symptoms associated with climacteric syndrome is clinically significant.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic></bold> To investigate the relationship between the severity of vasomotor symptoms in women with climacteric syndrome and occurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and evaluate the impact of nonhormonal therapy antiarrhythmic drug efficacy.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIAL AND METHODS:</italic></bold> Eighty-seven women aged 42–59 years (mean age: 48.8 ± 1.3 years) with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and vasomotor symptoms associated with climacteric syndrome, including hot flashes, a sensation of skipped or irregular heartbeats, tachycardia, and chest pain, were studied. The severity of vasomotor symptoms was assessed using the Greene Scale. Electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring, echocardiography, and laboratory evaluation of female sex hormone levels and the international normalized ratio were conducted. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation therapy included amiodarone, beta-alanine, and anticoagulants. For each variable, the arithmetic mean and standard error of the mean were calculated. The distribution type was determined using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Statistical significance was evaluated using the paired Student's t-test for related groups and Mann–Whitney U test for independent groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to calculate the independent predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence. <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05 indicated a significant difference.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> Regression analysis showed that the number of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes was associated with hot flash daily frequency (β = 1.1694, <italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>&lt; 0.001) and duration (β = −0.1239, <italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>= 0.0052). Arrhythmia duration was related to hot flash frequency (β = 0.9561, <italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>&lt; 0.001), duration (β = −0.1391, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), and intensity (β = 0.1735, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0012). Moreover, ventricular rate during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was affected by hot flash frequency (β = 0.8893, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) and intensity (β = 0.1910, <italic>p</italic><italic> </italic>= 0.0029). ROC analysis revealed that a hot flash frequency &gt; 19.5 episodes/day (AUC = 0.941), duration &gt; 28.7 seconds (AUC = 0.918), and intensity &gt;52.3% on the Greene Scale (AUC = 0.932) were associated with an increased paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes. Amiodarone combined with nonhormonal therapy reduced the frequency of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by 78.9% (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), arrhythmia duration by 54.1% (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), and ventricular rate during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by 21.6% (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). The incidence rate of adverse events was 2.3%.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> Vasomotor symptom severity is directly associated with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation frequency in women with climacteric syndrome. The combination of amiodarone and nonhormonal therapy demonstrates high antiarrhythmic efficacy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> Изучение взаимодействия антиаритмических средств с негормональными препаратами у женщин с пароксизмами фибрилляции предсердий и вазомоторными симптомами при климактерическом синдроме имеет большое практическое значение.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучить взаимосвязь выраженности вазомоторных симптомов климактерического синдрома у женщин с пароксизмами фибрилляции предсердий и оценить влияние негормональной терапии на эффективность антиаритмических средств.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> В исследование были включены 87 женщин с пароксизмами фибрилляции предсердий в возрасте от 42 до 59 лет (в среднем 48,8±1,3 лет) с вазомоторными симптомами, при климактерическом синдроме, которые включали приливы, чувство перебоев в работе сердца, учащённое сердцебиение и кардиалгии. Тяжесть вазомоторных симптомов оценивали по шкале Грина. Всем женщинам проводили регистрацию электрокардиограммы, суточное мониторирование электрокардиограммы, эхокардиографию, оценку концентрации женских половых гормонов и уровня международного нормализованного отношения. Терапия фибрилляции предсердий включала лечение амиодароном, бета-аланином и антикоагулянтами. Для каждой выборки вычисляли среднее арифметическое значение (M), среднее квадратичное отклонение (m). Вид распределения оценивали с помощью теста Колмогорова–Смирнова. При расчёте статистической значимости в двух связанных группах использовали t-критерий Стьюдента, а в двух несвязанных группах — критерий Манна–Уитни. Для расчёта независимых предикторов рецидивирования фибрилляции предсердий применяли многофакторный анализ. Различия считали достоверными при <italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Регрессионный анализ показал, что на количество пароксизмов фибрилляции предсердий влияет частота приливов в сутки (β=1,1694, <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001) и продолжительность (β=–0,1239, <italic>p</italic>=0,0052) приливов в секундах, на продолжительность аритмии — частота (β=0,9561, <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001), продолжительность (β=–0,1391, <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001) и интенсивность (β=0,1735, <italic>p</italic>=0,0012) приливов, на частоту желудочковых сокращений — частота (β=0,8893, <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001) и интенсивность (β=0,1910, <italic>p</italic>=0,0029) приливов. ROC-анализ выявил, что при увеличении частоты приливов более чем 19,5 раза в сутки (AUC=0,941), продолжительности приливов более чем 28,7 с (AUC=0,918) и увеличении процента интенсивности тяжёлых приливов по шкале Грина больше чем 52,3% (AUC=0,932) возникает увеличение количества пароксизмов фибрилляции предсердий. Установлено, что антиаритмическая эффективность комбинации амиодарона с негормональной терапией уменьшила количество пароксизмальной фибрилляции предсердий на 78,9% (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001), продолжительность аритмии на 54,1% (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001) и частоту желудочковых сокращений во время пароксизмальной фибрилляции предсердий на 21,6% (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,001). Число побочных проявлений составило 2,3%.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Установлена прямая связь выраженности вазомоторных симптомов при климактерическом синдроме у женщин с пароксизмами фибрилляции предсердий. Выявлена высокая антиаритмическая эффективность комбинации амиодарона с негормональной терапией.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>研究背景：</bold>研究抗心律失常药物与非激素药物在房颤阵发性和血管舒缩症状的女性中的相互作用在更年期综合征中具有重要的现实意义。</p> <p><bold>目的：</bold>研究心房颤动阵发性妇女更年期综合征血管舒缩症状的严重程度之间的关系，并评估非激素治疗对抗心律失常药物有效性的影响。</p> <p><bold>研究对象与方法：</bold>该研究包括87名年龄在42至59岁（平均48.8±1.3岁）的心房颤动阵发性女性，伴有血管舒缩症状，更年期综合征，其中包括潮热，心力衰竭的感觉，心悸和心痛。在绿色量表上评估血管舒缩症状的严重程度。所有女性都接受了心电图登记，每日心电图监测，超声心动图，评估女性性激素浓度和国际标准化比率水平。心房颤动治疗包括用胺碘酮，β-丙氨酸和抗凝剂治疗。计算每个样本的算术平均值（M）和均方偏差（m）。使用科尔莫戈罗夫至斯米尔诺夫检验评估分布类型。在计算统计学显着性时，学生的t检验用于两个相关组，曼-惠特尼检验用于两个不相关组。多因素分析用于计算心房颤动复发的独立预测因子。差异在<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.05时被认为是显着的。</p> <p><bold>结果：</bold>回归分析表明，心房颤动阵发次数受每天潮热频率（β=1.1694，<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001）和以秒为单位的潮热持续时间（β=-0.1239，<italic>p</italic> =0.0052）的影响，心律失常的持续时间受频率（β=0.9561，<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001），潮汐的强度（β=0.1735，<italic>p</italic> =0.0012），心室收缩的频率—频率（β=0.8893，<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001）和潮汐的强度（β=0.1910，<italic>p</italic> =0.0029）。ROC分析显示，随着每天潮热频率增加超过19.5次（AUC=0.941），潮热持续时间超过28.7秒（AUC=0.918）和绿色尺度严重潮汐强度百分比增加超过52.3％（AUC=0.932），房颤阵发数 发现胺碘酮与非激素治疗组合的抗心律失常效力使阵发性心房颤动次数减少78.9％（<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001），心律失常持续时间减少54.1％（<italic>p</italic> &lt;0.001）和阵发性心房颤动期间心室 副作用的数量为2.3％。</p> <p><bold>结论：</bold>心房颤动阵发性女性更年期综合征血管舒缩症状的严重程度之间建立了直接关系。胺碘酮与非激素治疗的组合的高抗心律失常功效被揭示。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>vasomotor symptoms</kwd><kwd>climacteric syndrome</kwd><kwd>amiodarone</kwd><kwd>nonhormonal therapy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>вазомоторные симптомы</kwd><kwd>климактерический синдром</kwd><kwd>амиодарон</kwd><kwd>негормональная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>心房颤动</kwd><kwd>血管舒缩症状</kwd><kwd>更年期综合征</kwd><kwd>胺碘酮</kwd><kwd>非激素治疗</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Emdin CA, Wong CX, Hsiao AJ. 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