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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">635403</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ635403</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспериментальная медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Effect of a novel thienopyridine derivative on liver structure in rats with diet-induced obesity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние нового производного тиенопиридина на структуру печени крыс с диет-индуцированным ожирением</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-8103</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8373-8192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ketova</surname><given-names>Elena S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кетова</surname><given-names>Елена Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>ketova_elena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5736-2385</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8453-6221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Myazina</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мязина</surname><given-names>Анна Вадимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of Depart., Depart. of Normal Anatomy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассист. каф., каф. нормальной анатомии</p></bio><email>anna.krasnodon2009@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2622-186X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9832-4659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bibik</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бибик</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф., каф. фундаментальной и клинической фармакологии</p></bio><email>helen_bibik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9879-9217</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7682-4986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivokolysko</surname><given-names>Sergej G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривоколыско</surname><given-names>Сергей Геннадиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р хим. наук, проф., зав. каф., каф. фармацевтической химии и фармакогнозии</p></bio><email>ksg-group-lugansk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>BestDoctor</institution></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Crimean Federal University named after V.I. Vernadsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lugansk State Medical University named after Saint Luke</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Луганский государственный медицинский университет имени Святителя Луки</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vladimir Dahl Lugansk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Луганский государственный университет имени Владимира Даля</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-03-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>106</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>216</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-26"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-09-27"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-04-20"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/635403">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/635403</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: The search for novel compounds that exert a positive impact on liver morphology and function having a beneficial effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism remains an urgent research priority.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold>: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of a novel thienopyridine derivative on liver structure in rats with diet-induced obesity.</p> <p><bold>MATERIAL</bold><bold> </bold><bold>AND</bold><bold> </bold><bold>METHODS</bold>: A novel thienopyridine derivative AZ-020 was selected through in silico screening using online platforms based on its potential effects on the liver, as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. An in vivo study was conducted in Wistar rats, which were randomized into five groups (8 per group): an intact group (maintained under standard conditions), control group (received excess palm oil 30 g/kg for 8 weeks), two reference groups (rats on high-fat diet received either metformin 300 mg/kg or vildagliptin 8 mg/kg during 2 weeks), and a test group (received AZ-020 1 mg/kg for 2 weeks under the same diet). Liver structure was assessed using histological and morphometric analyses, including hepatocyte count, binucleated hepatocyte count per field of view, hepatocyte size, hepatocyte cytoplasmic and nuclear area, and hepatocyte nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. Statistical evaluation was performed using the fourfold table method with Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test, normalized Pearson’s test, Yates’ correction, and Fisher’s exact test. Parametric statistical methods and Student’s t-test were applied to morphometric data with normal distribution.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold>: Administration of AZ-020 normalized liver histoarchitecture disrupted by prolonged dietary overload and confirmed a positive trend in key morphometric parameters of hepatocytes compared with the control group. A statistically significant 1.7-fold increase (66%) in binucleated hepatocyte count (an essential marker of liver regeneration) was observed following AZ- 020 administration. Treatment with AZ-020 led to normalization of the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, which showed a statistically significant 16% decrease compared with the control group. In the test group (treated with AZ-020), hepatocyte cytoplasmic area was 76.04 ± 0.35 μm<sup>2</sup> (vs. 75.54 ± 0.31 μm<sup>2</sup> in the control group, p = 0.0186); nuclear area was 11.13 ± 0.24 μm<sup>2</sup> (vs. 13.9 ± 0.3 μm<sup>2</sup>, p &lt; 0.001); and average hepatocyte area was 87.17 ± 0.59 μm<sup>2</sup> (vs. 89.44 ± 0.61 μm<sup>2</sup>, p &lt; 0.001).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold>: The novel thienopyridine derivative with the laboratory code AZ-020, which belongs to the cyanothioacetamide class, demonstrated hepatoprotective effects in an experimental model of liver damage and metabolic disturbances.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>.<bold> </bold>Поиск новых препаратов, оказывающих положительное влияние на морфофункциональное состояние печени при одновременном благоприятном воздействии на углеводный и липидный обмен, является актуальной задачей.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold>.<bold> </bold>Изучение влияния нового производного тиенопиридина на структуру печени крыс с диет-индуцированным ожирением.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Исследованиями <italic>in</italic><italic> </italic><italic>silico</italic> с помощью онлайн-сервисов отобрали новое производное тиенопиридина с шифром AZ-020, перспективное в плане влияния на состояние печени, углеводный и липидный обмен. <italic>In</italic><italic> </italic><italic>vivo</italic> осуществили исследование на крысах линии Wistar, которые распределены на пять групп по восемь особей: интактная (стандартные условия содержания), контрольная [животные получали избыточное количество пальмового масла в дозе 30 г/кг в течение 8 нед), две группы сравнения (животные на фоне высокожирового питания получали в течение 2 нед метформин в дозе 300 мг/кг (первая группа сравнения) или вилдаглиптин по 8 мг/кг (вторая группа сравнения)], опытная группа (животные на фоне высокожирового питания получали в течение 2 нед AZ-020 по 1 мг/кг). Посредством морфологических и морфометрических методов изучали структурное состояние печени, её морфометрические показатели (число гепатоцитов, количество двуядерных гепатоцитов в поле зрения, размер гепатоцитов, площадь цитоплазмы и ядер гепатоцитов, ядерно-цитоплазматическое отношение). Для статистической оценки использовали метод четырехпольной таблицы с определением критериев χ<sup>2</sup> (Пирсона), нормированный Пирсона, Пирсона с поправкой Йейтса, Фишера. При обработке морфометрических данных, учитывая их нормальное распределение, применяли методы параметрической статистики и t-критерий Стьюдента.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. При использовании AZ-020 нормализовалась гистоархитектоника печени крыс после её нарушения в результате длительной алиментарной нагрузки, и подтверждена положительная динамика изменения основных морфометрических показателей гепатоцитов в сравнении со значениями в контрольной группе. При применении AZ-020 выявлено значительное статистически значимое (в 1,7 раза, или на 66%) повышение количества двуядерных гепатоцитов как основного показателя регенерации печени. Фармакокоррекция на основе AZ-020 приводила к нормализации ядерно-цитоплазматического отношения, которое статистически значимо снизилось на 16% в сравнении с аналогичным показателем у крыс контрольной группы. У животных опытной группы, которые получали новое соединение AZ-020, площадь цитоплазмы гепатоцитов зафиксировали на уровне 76,04±0,35 мкм<sup>2</sup> (75,54±0,31 мкм<sup>2</sup> в контроле, <italic>р</italic>=0,0186), площадь ядер гепатоцитов — 11,13±0,24 мкм<sup>2</sup> (с 13,9±0,3 мкм<sup>2</sup> в контроле, <italic>р</italic>=0,000), средний размер гепатоцитов — 87,17±0,59 мкм<sup>2</sup> (в сравнении с 89,44±0,61 мкм<sup>2</sup> в контроле, <italic>р</italic>=0,000).</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Новое производное тиенопиридина из ряда дериватов цианотиоацетамида с лабораторным шифром AZ-020 проявляет гепатопротекторные эффекты в эксперименте при моделировании метаболических нарушений и повреждения печени.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>novel thienopyridine derivative</kwd><kwd>cyanothioacetamide derivatives</kwd><kwd>diet-induced obesity</kwd><kwd>hepatoprotective activity</kwd><kwd>metformin</kwd><kwd>vildagliptin</kwd><kwd>liver structural condition</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новое производное тиенопиридина</kwd><kwd>дериваты цианотиоацетамида</kwd><kwd>алиментарное ожирение</kwd><kwd>гепатопротекторная активность</kwd><kwd>метформин</kwd><kwd>вилдаглиптин</kwd><kwd>структурное состояние печени</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Минобрнауки России по теме: шифр FREE-2023-0002</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Education and Science of Russia on the topi (code: FREE-2023-0002</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Минздрав России по теме: (шифр ZUNP-2024-0002)</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health of Russia on the topic (code: ZUNP-2024-0002)</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Balukova EV, Uspensky YuP, Fominykh YuA. 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