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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">634760</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ634760</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BPTASE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>History of medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История медицины</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Miscellaneous</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Establishment of Surgery Department of Faculty of Pediatrics at Kazan Medical Institute During Social and Political Upheavals in the 1930s</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Создание кафедры хирургических болезней педиатрического факультета Казанского медицинского института в период социально-политических потрясений 1930-х годов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0309-7605</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6346-9783</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhordzhikiya</surname><given-names>Roin K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джорджикия</surname><given-names>Роин Кондратьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head, Depart. of Cardio-vascular and Endovascular Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав., каф. сердечно-сосудистой и эндоваскулярной хирургии</p></bio><email>roink@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-872X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8259-0051</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Habibrakhmanova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабибрахманова</surname><given-names>Ольга Аркадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (History), Assistant Professor, Depart. of History, Philosophy and Sociology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ист. наук, доцент, каф. истории, философии и социологии</p></bio><email>OlgaAH@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>106</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>502</fpage><lpage>507</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-08-07"><day>07</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-01-24"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-06-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/634760">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/634760</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over 200-year history of the establishment and development of the Kazan Medical School has drawn attention from researchers. An evident focus on surgery is noteworthy. Thus, the historical milestones of Kazan surgery and the contributions of surgical scientists are significant. Furthermore, each medical discipline results from the collaborative efforts of individual departments. Analysis of their respective contributions is crucial for comprehending the development of medical education and scientific research. Therefore, the present study provides a historical reconstruction of the events surrounding the establishment of the Surgery Department of the Faculty of Pediatrics at the Kazan Medical Institute during the first decade of the Soviet state. Documents retrieved from the collection of the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan were used. Additionally, archival documents and protocols, including detailed records of pertinent events, reports from the Surgery Department highlighting the academic staff, scientific research, methodological and teaching activities, and reports from the Medical Institute Council, were examined. Moreover, the archival repository of the Kazan Medical University, specifically the Domrachev Foundation, contributed to the study. This study presents the department’s early activities that were often inconsistent and sometimes contradictory, highlighting significant gaps in its historical record. The date of the department’s establishment was determined through archival data analysis. The first decade of the department’s existence was associated with broader and complex social and political transformations during the early Soviet period of Russian history. The annals of the Kazan Medical Institute have been supplemented with fragments of the history of the Surgery Department of the Faculty of Pediatrics that had been missing.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Более чем 200-летняя история формирования и функционирования казанской медицинской школы привлекает внимание многих исследователей. Бесспорный интерес вызывает и одно направление медицины — хирургия. Особенный интерес в этой связи представляют этапы становления казанской хирургии, работы учёных-хирургов. Вместе с тем любое медицинское направление — это ещё и работа отдельных кафедр, изучение деятельности которых позволяет в полной мере реконструировать картину становления медицинского образования и научных изысканий в этой области. В связи с этим в статье была поставлена цель реконструировать исторические события, связанные с историей формирования кафедры хирургических болезней педиатрического факультета Казанского медицинского института в первое 10-летие советской власти. В исследовании были использованы материалы Государственного архива Республики Татарстан. Это и протокольная документация, детально фиксирующая ряд событий, отчёты кафедры хирургии, свидетельствующие о преподавательском составе кафедры, научных изысканиях, методической и преподавательской деятельности, и отчёты Совета медицинского института. Привлекались фонды архивного хранилища Казанского медицинского университета, в частности фонд И.В. Домрачёва. В исследовании собраны разрозненные, часто противоречивые факты о начале работы кафедры, выявлен ряд недостающих звеньев в её истории. Основываясь на архивных данных, в процессе работы установлена точная дата образования кафедры. В результате первые 10-летия работы кафедры были органично вписаны в общий социально-политический контекст сложнейших трансформаций раннесоветского периода нашей истории, а летопись Казанского медицинского института пополнилась недостающими страницами истории кафедры хирургии педиатрического факультета.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Surgery Department</kwd><kwd>Faculty of Pediatrics</kwd><kwd>clinical setting</kwd><kwd>Kazan Medical Institute</kwd><kwd>scientific papers</kwd><kwd>professors</kwd><kwd>lecturers</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кафедра хирургических болезней</kwd><kwd>педиатрический факультет</kwd><kwd>клиническая база</kwd><kwd>Казанский медицинский институт</kwd><kwd>научные труды</kwd><kwd>профессура</kwd><kwd>преподаватели</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Dzhordzhikiya RK. 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