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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">632919</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ632919</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VTIAEA</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Detecting endothelial dysfunction by hemostasis testing in acute appendicitis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможность определения эндотелиальной дисфункции исследованием системы гемостаза при остром аппендиците</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3697-1816</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3979-6802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivchenko</surname><given-names>Andrei O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивченко</surname><given-names>Андрей Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Head, Depart. of Faculty Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент, заведующий, каф. факультетской хирургии</p></bio><email>a.o.ivchenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8937-5754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhamaliev</surname><given-names>Zhan B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жамалиев</surname><given-names>Жан Бауржанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>surgeon, Assistant Lecturer, Depart. of Faculty Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-хирург, ассистент, каф. факультетской хирургии</p></bio><email>zhan.zhamaliev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4164-6823</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4365-8633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komkova</surname><given-names>Tatyana B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комкова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head, Surgical Diseases Depart. with the Course of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий, каф. хирургических болезней с курсом травматологии и ортопедии</p></bio><email>tatyana.bkomkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3425-0310</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9878-4347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bystrov</surname><given-names>Sergei V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быстров</surname><given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor, Depart. of Faculty Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент, каф. факультетской хирургии</p></bio><email>bystrovtomsk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>106</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>787</fpage><lpage>795</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-28"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-10-05"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/632919">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/632919</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Endothelial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various acute and chronic conditions. It is a pathological state characterized by progressive damage to endothelial cells and their function. Endothelial dysfunction has long been studied in various disorders using several methods. It is caused by pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic factors. Coagulation disorders are not always detected by routine coagulation tests, and their nature is unclear. Published data indicate that hypercoagulation is expected in inflammation. However, local inflammation does not always result in thrombogenesis, causing a prethrombotic state. Assessment of the coagulation system is required to confirm a prethrombotic state. Changes in thromboelastometry findings may be used to assess the degree of endothelial dysfunction, which may depend on the severity of inflammation. Therefore, thromboelastometry findings may be clinically significant for determining the degree of endothelial dysfunction in various forms of acute appendicitis and for evaluating the risk of complications. This study investigated the pathogenetic aspects of acute appendicitis that are associated with endothelial dysfunction, particularly latent hypercoagulation and its detection. Review of published data emphasized the need for further research on the subject. Research into the pathophysiology of coagulation disorders as a manifestation of endothelial dysfunction will provide better understanding on the pathogenetic aspects of acute abdominal diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время в патогенезе различных острых и хронических воспалительных заболеваний ключевая роль отводится так называемой эндотелиальной дисфункции. Под этим явлением понимают патологическое состояние организма, заключающееся в прогрессирующем повреждении клеток эндотелия и нарушении их функций. Эндотелиальная дисфункция изучается уже длительное время с помощью различных методов при разных патологических состояниях. Она развивается под воздействием факторов, оказывающих провоспалительный и протромботический эффекты. Нарушения свёртывающей системы крови не всегда выявляются с помощью рутинной коагулограммы, а их характер остаётся не до конца определённым. По данным литературы, гиперкоагуляция — закономерное проявление воспалительного процесса. Вместе с тем локальное воспаление не всегда способно формировать явный тромботический процесс в организме, вызывая состояние, близкое к понятию «претромботического». Для оценки тромботической готовности организма необходимо использовать интегральные методы анализа свёртывающей системы крови. С учётом изменений в полученных показателях тромбоэластометрии возможно определение степени эндотелиальной дисфункции, которая может зависеть от выраженности воспалительного процесса. Таким образом, тромбоэластометрия может иметь клиническое значение в диагностике степени нарушения функции эндотелия при различных формах острого аппендицита, а также в прогнозировании осложнений данного заболевания. В статье рассмотрены патогенетические аспекты острого аппендицита, определяющие развитие дисфункции эндотелия у пациентов. Особое внимание уделено феномену «скрытой» гиперкоагуляции и методам её выявления. Обзор литературы подтверждает целесообразность дальнейшего изучения данной проблемы. Полученные патофизиологические данные о нарушениях свёртывающей системы крови как одном из проявлений дисфункции эндотелия позволят глубже понять патогенетические аспекты течения острой абдоминальной патологии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>general surgery</kwd><kwd>coagulation system</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>thromboelastography</kwd><kwd>acute appendicitis</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>общая хирургия</kwd><kwd>свёртывающая система крови</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>тромбоэластография</kwd><kwd>острый аппендицит</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Shabrov AV, Galenko AS, Uspensky YuP, Loseva KA. Methods for diagnosing endothelial dysfunction. 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