Kazan medical journalKazan medical journalКазанский медицинский журнал0368-48142587-9359Eco-Vector62930110.17816/KMJ629301ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleThe concept of acute kidney disease and its place in the renal continuumКонцепция острой болезни почек и её место в почечном континуумеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6993-58306844-7770SakharovVladimir S.СахаровВладимир Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD, Cardiologist

врач-кардиолог

dr.v.s.sakharov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6000-48506504049631D-8191-20141277-7843MenzorovMaksim V.МензоровМаксим Витальевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Depart. of Therapy and Occupational Diseases

д-р мед. наук, проф., каф. терапии и профессиональных болезней

menzorov.m.v@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-54076426-3182DenisovaAnna Y.ДенисоваАнна Юрьевна
Russian Federation

PhD Stud., Depart. of Therapy and Occupational Diseases

асп., каф. терапии и профессиональных болезней

sve2118@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-0005-45747500-5807KerimovaSabina F.КеримоваСабина Фаиговна
Russian Federation

PhD Stud., Depart. of Therapy and Occupational Diseases

ординатор, каф. терапии и профессиональных болезней

sabina-kerimova-98@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1293-40143327-2299MatyushinaValentina V.МатюшинаВалентина Вячеславовна
Russian Federation

PhD Stud., Depart. of Therapy and Occupational Diseases

соискатель, каф. терапии и профессиональных болезней

kasalinskaa@gmail.comCentral Clinical Medical and Sanitary Unit named after Honored Doctor of Russia V.A. EgorovЦентральная клиническая медико-санитарная часть имени заслуженного врача России В.А. ЕгороваUlyanovsk State UniversityУльяновский государственный университет27112024105699410022503202415082024Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор2024Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/629301

The paper discusses the concept of acute kidney disease, a relatively new concept in clinical medicine, the introduction of which is due to the presence of kidney diseases that do not meet strict criteria for acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease. The article presents the criteria and severity stratification of acute kidney disease proposed by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Foundation, interpretation of the criteria and severity stratification by the Scientific Society of Nephrologists of Russia, associations of nephrologists and anesthesiologists-resuscitators of Russia, the National Society of Specialists in Hemapheresis and Extracorporeal Hemocorrection in accordance with the classification system of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative group. The role of acute kidney disease in the modern renal continuum is outlined. The article reviews the results of studies of acute kidney disease in patients with septic shock, patients who underwent total joint replacement, myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation and having acute kidney injury, patients with ischemic stroke, after coronary angiography, after acute surgery for type A aortic dissection, which demonstrate the prevalence of acute kidney disease and its outcomes. Despite the fact that acute kidney disease has a high prevalence among patients with various pathologies, worsens the prognosis and increases the risk of death or complications, its significance in modern medicine remains extremely underestimated. The article identifies the most common and studied biochemical markers that can potentially increase the proportion of patients at risk of adverse outcomes when used in clinical practice.

В работе рассмотрена концепция острой болезни почек — относительно нового понятия в клинической медицине, внедрение которого обусловлено наличием заболеваний почек, которые не удовлетворяют строгим критериям острого повреждения почек или хронической болезни почек. В статье приведены критерии, стратификация тяжести острой болезни почек, предложенные фондом Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, интерпретация критериев и стратификации тяжести Научным обществом нефрологов России, ассоциациями нефрологов и анестезиологов-реаниматологов России, Национальным обществом специалистов в области гемафереза и экстракорпоральной гемокоррекции в соответствии с классификационной системой группы Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative. Обозначена роль острой болезни почек в современном почечном континууме. Рассмотрены результаты исследований острой болезни почек у пациентов с септическим шоком, пациентов, перенёсших тотальное эндопротезирование суставов, перенёсших инфаркт миокарда с подъёмом сегмента ST и имеющих острое повреждение почек, пациентов с ишемическим инсультом, после выполнения коронароангиографии, после острой операции по расслоению аорты типа А, которые демонстрируют распространённость острой болезни почек и её исходы. Несмотря на то обстоятельство, что острая болезнь почек имеет высокую распространённость среди пациентов с различной патологией, ухудшает прогноз и увеличивает риск смерти или развития осложнений, её значение в современной медицине по-прежнему остаётся крайне недооценённым. В статье обозначены наиболее распространённые и исследуемые биохимические маркёры, потенциально позволяющие повысить долю выявления пациентов с риском неблагоприятных исходов при использовании в клинической практике.

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