<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">61187</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ2021-453</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and clinical medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретическая и клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The level of markers of apoptosis and cell proliferation in the area of restenosis after lower extremity arterial reconstruction</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Уровень маркёров апоптоза и пролиферации клеток в зоне рестеноза после реконструктивных вмешательств на артериях нижних конечностей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinin</surname><given-names>R E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинин</surname><given-names>Роман Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>klimentowa.emma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suchkov</surname><given-names>I A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сучков</surname><given-names>Игорь Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>klimentowa.emma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimentova</surname><given-names>E A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климентова</surname><given-names>Эмма Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>klimentowa.emma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchulkin</surname><given-names>A V</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щулькин</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>klimentowa.emma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimov</surname><given-names>A A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимов</surname><given-names>Александр Андреевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>klimentowa.emma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Povarov</surname><given-names>V O</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поваров</surname><given-names>Владислав Олегович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>klimentowa.emma@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ryazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Рязанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Областная клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-08-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>102</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>453</fpage><lpage>458</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-17"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-07-12"><day>12</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Kalinin R.E., Suchkov I.A., Klimentova E.A., Shchulkin A.V., Gerasimov A.A., Povarov V.O.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Калинин Р.Е., Сучков И.А., Климентова Э.А., Щулькин А.В., Герасимов А.А., Поваров В.О.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalinin R.E., Suchkov I.A., Klimentova E.A., Shchulkin A.V., Gerasimov A.A., Povarov V.O.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калинин Р.Е., Сучков И.А., Климентова Э.А., Щулькин А.В., Герасимов А.А., Поваров В.О.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-08-08"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/61187">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/61187</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To assess the number of markers of apoptosis and cell proliferation, as well as their relationships in the area of restenosis of arterial reconstructions.</p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold> The study included 14 patients with a diagnosis of “arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities. Post-thrombotic occlusion of femoropopliteal bypass”. All patients were males with stage III disease according to the Fontaine classification modified by A.V. Pokrovsky. The average age of the patients was 65±3.4 years. The mean disease duration was 9±2.5 months after the initial intervention. Intraoperative material — distal anastomosis of femoropopliteal bypass — was taken from patients during arterial reconstructions. As a control, we used arterial wall samples obtained at organ procurement from postmortem donors without arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities. The number of samples is 8. The site of their collection is the popliteal artery. After sampling, they were crushed, and a homogenate was prepared, followed by the determination of the amount of p53, PDGF BB, Bcl2, and Bax proteins using the enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software. Group differences were assessed by using the Mann–Whitney test. Correlation coefficients were determined using the Spearman test. Data are presented as medians and interquartile ranges.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> In tissue samples of restenosis, the amount of p53 protein was 0.07 units/mg and was significantly reduced compared with the control samples — 0.14 units/mg (р=0,015). The amount of platelet-derived growth factor PDGF BB was 0.17 ng/mg (р=0.05), Bcl2 — 1.61 ng/mg (р=0.008), Bax — 6.0 ng/mg (р=0.25) in the restenosis area and was increased in comparison with the control samples (0.04 ng/mg, 0.9 ng/mg, 4.4 ng/mg, respectively). A relationship between p53 and platelet-derived growth factor BB (r=–0.724, p=0.002), platelet-derived growth factor BB and Bcl2 (r=0.672, p=0.003) was revealed in samples from restenosis tissue obtained during arterial reconstructions.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The decreased apoptosis, expressed in a low level of p53 protein, with an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio is associated with an increase in the proliferative response of vascular wall cells in the area of restenosis of arterial reconstruction.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценка количества маркёров апоптоза и пролиферации клеток, а также их взаимосвязей в зоне ­рестеноза артериальных реконструкций.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследование включены 14 пациентов с диагнозом «Облитерирующий атеросклероз артерий нижних конечностей. Посттромботическая окклюзия бедренно-подколенных шунтов». Все пациенты были мужского пола с III стадией заболевания по классификации А.В. Покровского–Фонтейна. Средний возраст пациентов составил 65±3,4 года. Давность заболевания 9±2,5 мес после первоначального вмешательства. У пациентов во время выполнения повторных артериальных реконструкций забирали интраоперационный материал — дистальный анастомоз бедренно-подколенного шунта. В качестве контроля использовали образцы артериальной стенки, полученные во время эксплантации органов от посмертных доноров без облитерирующего атеросклероза артерий нижних конечностей. Количество образцов — 8. Участок их ­забора — подколенная артерия. После забора образцов их измельчали и готовили гомогенат с последующим определением белков р53, тромбоцитарного фактора роста ВВ, Bcl2 и Вах с помощью иммуноферментного метода. Статистический анализ проведён с использованием пакета программ Statistica 10.0. Групповые различия оценивали с помощью критерия Манна–Уитни. Коэффициенты корреляции определяли с помощью теста Спирмена. Данные представлены медианой и межквартильным интервалом.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> В образцах с рестенозом количество белка р53 составило 0,07 ед./мг и было значимо снижено в сравнении с контрольными образцами — 0,14 ед./мг (р=0,015). Количество тромбоцитарного фактора роста ВВ составило 0,17 нг/мг (р=0,05), Всl2 — 1,61 нг/мг (р=0,008), Вах — 6,0 нг/мг (р=0,25) в зоне рестеноза и было повышено в сравнении с их количеством в контрольных образцах (0,04; 0,9 и 4,4 нг/мг соответственно). Выявлена взаимосвязь между р53 и тромбоцитарным фактором роста ВВ (r=–0,724, р=0,002), тромбоцитарным фактором роста ВВ и Всl2 (r=0,672, р=0,003) в образцах с рестенозом зоны вмешательства.</p> <p><bold>Вывод.</bold> Сниженная активность апоптоза, выражающаяся в низких значениях белка р53 на фоне повышенного соотношения Всl2/Вах, связана с усилением пролиферативного ответа клеток сосудистой стенки в зоне рестеноза артериальной реконструкции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Bcl2</kwd><kwd>Bax</kwd><kwd>p53</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>restenosis</kwd><kwd>PDGF BB</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Всl2</kwd><kwd>Вах</kwd><kwd>р53</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>рестеноз</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитарный фактор роста ВВ (PDGF BB)</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Zhu Z.R., He Q., Wu W.B., Chang G., Yao C., Zhao Y., Wang M., Wang S.M. MiR-140-3p is involved in in-stent restenosis by targeting C-Myb and BCL-2 in peripheral artery disease. J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 2018; 25 (11): 1168–1181. DOI: 10.5551/jat.44024.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Zhu H., Zhang Y. Life and death partners in post-PCI restenosis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and the cross-talk between them. Curr. Drug Targets. 2018; 19 (9): 1003–1008. DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666160625072521.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalinin R.E., Suchkov I.A., Klimentova E.A., Egorov A.A. To the question of the role of apoptosis in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis of the reconstruction zone. Novosti khirurgii. 2020; 28 (4): 418–427. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.18484/2305-0047.2020.4.418.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калинин Р.Е., Сучков И.А., Климентова Э.А., Егоров А.А. К вопросу о роли апоптоза в развитии атеросклероза и рестеноза зоны реконструкции. Новости хир. 2020; 28 (4): 418–427. DOI: 10.18484/2305-0047.2020.4.418.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klimentova E.A., Suchkov I.A., Ego¬rov A.A., Kalinin R.E. Apoptosis and cell proliferation mar¬kers in inflammatory-fibroproliferative diseases of the vessel wall (review). Sovremennye tekhnologii v me¬ditsine. 2020; 12 (4): 119–128. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17691/stm2020.12.4.13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Климентова Э.А., Сучков И.А., Егоров А.А., Калинин Р.Е. Маркёры апоптоза и пролиферации клеток при воспалительно-фибропролиферативных заболеваниях сосудистой стенки (обзор). Соврем. технол. в мед. 2020; 12 (4): 119–128. DOI: 10.17691/stm2020.12.4.13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Banfalvi G. Methods to detect apoptotic cell death. Apoptosis. 2017; 22 (2): 306–323. DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1333-3.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Gross A., Katz S.G. Non-apoptotic functions of ¬BCL-2 family proteins. Cell Death Differ. 2017; 24 (8): 1348–1358. DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.22.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Kolovou V., Tsipis A., Mihas C., Katsiki N., Vartela V., Koutelou M., Manolopoulou D., Leondiadis E., Iakovou I., Mavrogieni S., Kolovou G. Tumor protein p53 (TP53) gene and left main coronary artery disease. Angiology. 2018; 69 (8): 730–735. DOI: 10.1177/0003319718760075.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Cao R.Y., Eves R., Jia L., Funk C.D., Jia Z., Mak A.S. Effects of p53-knockout in vascular smooth muscle cells on atherosclerosis in mice. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (3): e0175061. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175061.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Kale J., Osterlund E.J., Andrews D.W. BCL-2 family proteins: changing partners in the dance towards death. Cell Death Differ. 2018; 25 (1): 65–80. DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.186.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Igase M., Okura T., Kitami Y., Hiwada K. Apoptosis and Bcl-xs in the intimal thickening of balloon-injured carotid arteries. Clin. Sci. (Lond.). 1999; 96 (6): 605–612. PMID: 10334966.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Chen S., Dong S., Li Z., Guo X., Zhang N., Yu B., Sun Y. Atorvastatin calcium inhibits PDGF-ββ-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs through the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and suppression of activated PDGFRβ-PI3K-Akt signaling cascade. Cell Physiol. Biochem. 2017; 44 (1): 215–228. DOI: 10.1159/000484648.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Aravani D., Foote K., Figg N., Finigan A., Uryga A., Clarke M., Bennett M. Cytokine regulation of apoptosis-¬induced apoptosis and apoptosis-induced cell proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Apoptosis. 2020; 25 (9–10): 648–662. DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01622-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Yonemitsu Y., Kaneda Y., Tanaka S., Nakashima Y., Komori K., Sugimachi K., Sueishi K. Transfer of wild-type p53 gene effectively inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Circ. Res. 1998; 82 (2): 147–156. DOI: 10.1161/01.res.82.2.147.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>George S.J., Angelini G.D., Capogrossi M.C., ¬Baker A.H. Wild-type p53 gene transfer inhibits neointima formation in human saphenous vein by modulation of smooth muscle cell migration and induction of apoptosis. Gene Ther. 2001; 8 (9): 668–676. DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301431.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Bauriedel G., Hutter R., Schluckebier S., Welsch U., Prescott M.F., Kandolf R., Lüderitz B. Decreased apoptosis as a pathogenic factor in intimal hyperplasia of human arteriosclerosis lesions. Z. Kardiol. 1997; 86 (8): 572–580. DOI: 10.1007/s003920050096.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Scott S., O'Sullivan M., Hafizi S., Shapiro M., Bennett M.R. Human vascular smooth muscle cells from res¬tenosis or in-stent stenosis sites demonstrate enhanced responses to p53: implications for brachytherapy and drug treatment for restenosis. Circ. Res. 2002; 90 (4): 398–404. DOI: 10.1161/hh0402.10590.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Walsh K., Smith R.C., Kim H.S. Vascular cell apoptosis in remodeling, restenosis, and plaque rupture. Circ. Res. 2000; 87 (3): 184–188. DOI: 10.1161/01.res.87.3.184.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
