<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">607382</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ607382</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Clinical experiences</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обмен клиническим опытом</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pathology of the pelvic bones and its correction in bladder exstrophy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Патология костей таза и её коррекция при экстрофии мочевого пузыря</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6076-0181</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57199652984</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9243-3624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akramov</surname><given-names>Nail R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акрамов</surname><given-names>Наиль Рамилович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Head of Depart., Depart. of Urology, Nephrology and Transplantology; Chief Researcher, Research Depart.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, проф., зав. каф., каф. урологии, нефрологии и трансплантологии; главный научный сотрудник, научно-исследовательский отдел</p></bio><email>aknail@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-339X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57214425349</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5826-3590</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakirov</surname><given-names>Aidar K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Закиров</surname><given-names>Айдар Камилевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Pediatric Surgery; Assoc. Prof., Depart. of Urology Nephrology and Transplantology; pediatric surgeon, Urological Depart.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц., каф. детской хирургии; доц., каф. урологии, нефрологии и трансплантологии; врач-детский хирург</p></bio><email>dwc@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-0325</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57214080178</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4434-5214</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khaertdinov</surname><given-names>Elmir I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаертдинов</surname><given-names>Эльмир Ильшатович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant, Depart. of Urology, Nephrology and Transplantology; pediatric surgeon, Neonatal Surgical Depart.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, асс., каф. урологии, нефрологии и трансплантологии; врач-детский хирург, хирургическое отд. детей раннего возраста</p></bio><email>khaertdinov.elmir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5020-1343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>Valery I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>Валерий Иванович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Depart. of Pediatric Surgery; Chief Curator, Surgical Depart. No. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. мед. наук, проф., каф. детской хирургии; шеф-куратор, хирургическое отд. №1</p></bio><email>Morozov.valer@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical Academy — branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional ­Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанская государственная медицинская академия — филиал Российской медицинской
академии непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Children's Republican Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская республиканская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical Academy — branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional ­Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанская государственная медицинская академия — филиал Российской медицинской академии непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-02-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>145</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-10"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-02-02"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/607382">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/607382</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There are many studies regarding treatment methods for bladder exstrophy, but it is impossible to single out the only correct one. When treating bladder exstrophy, all defects can be eliminated separately, but the effect of such interventions will be incomplete. When analyzing the anatomy of patients with this pathology, pronounced splitting and divergence of the pelvic muscles is noted due to dysplasia and the wide position of the iliac and pubic bones. Due to the inferiority of the pelvic bones, the functions of all its organs are disrupted. Modern methods of radiation research have made it possible to better understand the main causes of such changes: outwardly rotated iliac bones, retroversion of the acetabulum and femur, shortened branches of the pubic bones, a backward curved acetabulum and flabby sacroiliac joint, increased distance between the triradial cartilages. Such changes are difficult to eliminate with soft tissue plastic surgery, so specialists who use osteotomy of the pelvic bones in the treatment of this pathology have more positive results. Since 1958, in the treatment of children with exstrophy of the bladder, osteotomy has been used in various versions, which makes it possible to restore the pelvic ring, improve the results of soft tissue plastic surgery and urinary continence. The authors noted a high rate of continence success in patients who underwent primary bladder closure without complications such as wound infection, dehiscence, or any degree of bladder prolapse. Thus, correction of the skeletal system serves as a basic element in the correction of bladder exstrophy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Существует множество исследований, касающихся методов лечения экстрофии мочевого пузыря, но невозможно выделить единственно верный. При лечении экстрофии мочевого пузыря можно отдельно устранить все дефекты, однако эффект от таких вмешательств будет неполноценным. При анализе анатомии пациентов с данной патологией отмечают выраженное расщепление и расхождение мышц таза из-за дисплазии и широкого положения подвздошных и лобковых костей. По причине неполноценности костей таза нарушаются функции всех его органов. Современные способы лучевых методов исследования позволили лучше разобраться в основных причинах таких изменений: повёрнутые наружу подвздошные кости, ретроверсия вертлужной впадины и бедренной кости, укороченные ветви лобковых костей, загнутая назад вертлужная впадина и дряблый крестцово-подвздошный сустав, увеличенное расстояние между трирадиальными хрящами. Такие изменения сложно устранить пластикой мягких тканей, поэтому специалисты, использующие остеотомию костей таза в лечении данной патологии, имеют больше положительных результатов. Уже с 1958 г. при лечении детей с экстрофией мочевого пузыря используют остеотомию в различных её вариантах, что позволяет восстановить тазовое кольцо, улучшить результаты пластики мягких тканей и удержание мочи. Авторами был отмечен высокий уровень успеха удержания мочи у пациентов, перенёсших первичное закрытие мочевого пузыря без осложнений в виде раневой инфекции, расхождения или любой степени выпадения мочевого пузыря. Таким образом, коррекция костной системы служит базовым элементом в коррекции экстрофии мочевого пузыря.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bladder exstrophy</kwd><kwd>pelvic osteotomy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экстрофия мочевого пузыря</kwd><kwd>остеотомия таза</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kahnici Gokhan. Insights from sumerian mythology: The myth of Enki And Ninmaḫ and the history of disability. Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi. 2018;33/2:429–450. DOI: 10.18513/egetid.502714.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Buyukunal CS, Gearhart JP. A short history of bladder exstrophy. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2011;20(2):62–65. DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2011.01.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Jarosz SL, Weaver JK, Weiss DA, Borer JG, Kryger JV, Canning DA, Groth TW, Lee T, Shukla AR, Mitchell ME, Roth EB. Bilateral ureteral reimplantation at complete primary repair of exstrophy: Post-operative outcomes. J Pediatr Urol. 2022;18(1):37.e1–37.e5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.10.012.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Varma KK, Mammen A, Kolar Venkatesh SK. Mobilization of pelvic musculature and its effect on continence in classical bladder exstrophy: A single-center experience of 38 exstrophy repairs. J Pediatr Urol. 2015;11(2):87.e1–87.e5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2014.11.023.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khabibyanov RYa, Andreyev PS, Akramov NR, Kadyrov AA. Surgical restoration of a pelvic ring in congenital abnormality — extrophy of bladder. Prakticheskaya meditsina. 2017;(8):154–156. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хабибьянов Р.Я., Андреев П.С., Акрамов Н.Р., Кадыров А.А. Хирургическое восстановление тазового кольца при врождённой аномалии развития — экстрофии мочевого пузыря. Практическая медицина. 2017;(8):154–156. EDN: ZHVGAF.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Petrarca M, Zaccara A, Marciano A, Della Bella G, Mosiello G, Carniel S, Gazzellini S, Capitanucci ML, De Gennaro M, Caione P, Aloi IP, Castelli E. Gait analysis in bladder exstrophy patients with and without pelvic osteotomy: A controlled experimental study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2014;50(3):265–274. PMID: 24651208.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Nhan DT, Sponseller PD. Bilateral anterior innominate osteotomy for bladder exstrophy. JBJS Essent Surg Tech. 2019;9(1):e1. DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.ST.18.00018.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Suson KD, Sponseller PD, Gearhart JP. Bony abnormalities in classic bladder exstrophy: The urologist’s perspective. J Pediatr Urol. 2013;9(2):112–122. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2011.08.007.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Lee T, Borer J. Exstrophy-epispadias complex. Urol Clin North Am. 2023;50(3):403–414. DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2023.04.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ptitsyna OA, Leonenko TV, Krutskikh EL, Nekrasova II. Bladder exstrophy (clinical case). Mnogoprofilnyy statsionar. 2018;5(1):19–21. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Птицына О.А., Леоненко Т.В., Крутских Е.Л., Некрасова И.И. Экстрофия мочевого пузыря (клинический случай). Многопрофильный стационар. 2018;5(1):19–21. EDN: ARPHAS.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rashitov LF, Akhunzyanov AA, Zakirova AM, Takhautdinov ShK. Short clinico-anatomo-topographic description of extrophy development defects in children. Pediatric and adolescent reproductive health. 2009;(1):62–69. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рашитов Л.Ф., Ахунзянов А.А., Закирова А.М., Тахаутдинов Ш.К. Краткая клинико-анатомо-топографическая характеристика экстрофийных пороков развития у детей. Репродуктивное здоровье детей и подростков. 2009;(1):62–69. EDN: KXYYFD.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Ramji J, Eftekharzadeh S, Fischer KM, Joshi RS, Reddy PP, Pippi-Salle JL, Frazier JR, Weiss DA, Canning DA, Shukla AR. Variant of bladder exstrophy with an intact penis: Surgical options and approach. Urology. 2021;149:e15–e17. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.11.046.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Hamdy MH, El-Kholi NA, El-Zayat S. Incomplete exstrophy of the bladder. Br J Urol. 1988;62(5):484–485. DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.1988.tb04399.x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Agbara KS, Moulot OM, Ehua MA, Konan JM, Yapo Kouamé GS, Traoré I, Anon GA, Ajoumissi I, Konvolbo J, Bankolé RS. Bladder exstrophy: Modern staged repair experience in our institution. Afr J Paediatr Surg. 2022;19(3):167–170. DOI: 10.4103/ajps.AJPS_167_20.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Sarin YK, Sekhon V. Exstrophy bladder — reconstruction or diversion for the underprivileged. Indian J Pediatr. 2017;84(9):715–720. DOI: 10.1007/s12098-017-2419-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Pathak P, Ring JD, Delfino KR, Dynda DI, Mathews RI. Complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy: A systematic review. J Pediatr Urol. 2020;16(2):149–153. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.01.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Gómez González B, Hevia Feliú A, Serralta de Colsa D, Salinas Moreno S, González-Valcarcel de Torres I, De la Morena Gallego JM. Synchronous enteroid adenocarcinoma at the ureteral implantation site after ureterosigmoidostomy. Urol Case Rep. 2022;45:102225. DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102225.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Wilhelm TJ, Knoll T, Weisser G, Grobholz R, Köhrmann KU, Post S. Urothelial carcinoma of the ureter, giant rectal stone and sigmoid carcinoma 55 years after ureterosigmoidostomy. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2006;40(2):172–173. DOI: 10.1080/00365590600688419.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Zimmer V, Lammert F. Ureterosigmoidostomy. Dig Liver Dis. 2019;51(11):1618. DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.08.026.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Coffey RC. Transplantation of the ureters: for cancer of the bladder with cystectomy. Ann Surg. 1930;91(6):908–923. DOI: 10.1097/00000658-193006000-00010.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Leadbetter WF. Consideration of problems incident to performance of uretero-enterostomy: Report of a technique. J Urol. 1951;65:818. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(17)68556-2.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nesterov PV, Ukharskiy AV, Gurin EV, Metelkova EA. Uretero-intestinal anastomoses: which method to choose? History, current state of the issue and own experience. Eksperimentalnaya i klinicheskaya urologiya. 2021;14(1):108–113. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.29188/2222-8543-2021-14-1-108-113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нестеров П.В., Ухарский А.В., Гурин Э.В., Метелькова Е.А. Мочеточнико-кишечные анастомозы: какой метод выбрать? История, современное состояние вопроса и собственный опыт. Экспериментальная и клиническая урология. 2021;14(1):108–113. DOI: 10.29188/2222-8543-2021-14-1-108-113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Wild AT, Sponseller PD, Stec AA, Gearhart JP. The role of osteotomy in surgical repair of bladder exstrophy. Semin Pediatr Surg 2011;20(2):71e8. DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2010.12.002.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Wongcharoenwatana J, Adulkasem N, Ariyawatkul T, Eamsobhana P, Chotigavanichaya C, Chotivichit A. A long-term outcome (up to 29 years) of bilateral iliac wings “bayonet osteotomies” for closure of bladder exstrophy. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023;18(1):329. DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03810-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Trendelenburg F. De la cure operatoire de l’exstrophie vesicale et de l’epispadias. Arch Klin Chir. 1892;43:394.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Trendelenburg F. XIII. The Treatment of Ectopia Vesicae. Ann Surg. 1906;44(2):281–289. DOI: 10.1097/00000658-190608000-00013.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Passavant G. Vesico-urethral suture and uniting of the symphysic fissure for congenital exstrophy of the bladder with epispadias. Ann Surg. 1888;7:306–308.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Luk L, Taffel MT. Cross-sectional anatomy of the male pelvis. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2020;45(7):1951–1960. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02369-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Rocca Rossetti S. Functional anatomy of pelvic floor. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2016;31(88(1)):28–37. DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2016.1.28.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Flusberg M, Kobi M, Bahrami S, Glanc P, Palmer S, Chernyak V, Kanmaniraja D, El Sayed RF. Multimodality imaging of pelvic floor anatomy. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021;46(4):1302–1311. DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02235-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Tekes A, Ertan G, Solaiyappan M, Stec AA, Sponseller PD, Huisman TA, Gearhart JP. 2D and 3D MRI features of classic bladder exstrophy. Clin Radiol. 2014;69(5):e223–e229. DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.12.019.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>De Mattos CB, Mendes PH, Boechat PR, Júnior JL, da Silva Guimarães L. Bilateral anterior pelvic osteotomy for closure of bladder exstrophy: Description of technique. Rev Bras Ortop. 2015;46(1):107–113. DOI: 10.1016/S2255-4971(15)30187-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B33"><label>33.</label><mixed-citation>Stec AA, Pannu HK, Tadros YE, Sponseller PD, Wakim A, Fishman EK, Gearhart JP. Evaluation of the bony pelvis in classic bladder exstrophy by using 3D-CT: Further insights. Urology. 2001;58(6):1030–1035. DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(01)01355-3.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B34"><label>34.</label><mixed-citation>Mabille M, De Laveaucoupet J, Senat MV, Picone O, Levaillant JM, Mas AE, Musset D. Imaging of the fetal bony pelvis by computed tomography in a case of bladder exstrophy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009;33(6):716–719. DOI: 10.1002/uog.6409.q.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B35"><label>35.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin YuE, Marukhnenko DV, Chekeridi YuE, Rassovsky SV, Runenko VI. Sposoby korrektsii ekstrofii mochevogo puzyrya u detey. Russian journal of pediatric surgery. 2009;(4):18–22. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Марухненко Д.В., Чекериди Ю.Э., Рассовский С.В., Руненко В.И. Способы коррекции экстрофии мочевого пузыря у детей. Детская хирургия. 2009;(4):18–22. EDN: KXDDOL.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B36"><label>36.</label><mixed-citation>Hammouda HM, Shahat AA, Oyoun NA, Safwat AS, Elderwy AA, Elgammal MA. Long term evaluation of continence after complete primary bladder exstrophy repair. J Pediatr Urol. 2023;20:1477-5131(23)00315-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.08.001.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B37"><label>37.</label><mixed-citation>Castagnetti M, Gigante C, Perrone G, Rigamonti W. Comparison of musculoskeletal and urological functional outcomes in patients with bladder exstrophy undergoing repair with and without osteotomy. Pediatr Surg Int. 2008;24:689–693. DOI: 10.1007/s00383-008-2132-x.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B38"><label>38.</label><mixed-citation>Davis R, Maruf M, Dunn E, Di Carlo H, Gearhart JP. The role of anatomic pelvic dissection in the successful closure of bladder exstrophy: An aid to success. J Pediatr Urol. 2019;15(5):559.e1–559.e7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.06.025.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B39"><label>39.</label><mixed-citation>Baka-Ostrowska M, Kowalczyk K, Felberg K, Wawer Z. Complications after primary bladder exstrophy closure — role of pelvic osteotomy. Cent European J Urol. 2013;66(1):104–108. DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2013.01.art31.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B40"><label>40.</label><mixed-citation>Kantor R, Salai M, Ganel A. Orthopaedic long term aspects of bladder exstrophy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1997;335:240–245. DOI: 10.1097/00003086-199702000-00024.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B41"><label>41.</label><mixed-citation>Surer I, Baker LA, Jeffs RD, Gearhart JP. Modified Young–Dees–Leadbetter bladder neck reconstruction in patients with successful primary bladder closure elsewhere: A single institution experience. J Urol. 2001;165:2438–2440. DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66224-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B42"><label>42.</label><mixed-citation>Kasprenski M, Benz K, Maruf M, Jayman J, Di Carlo H, Gearhart J. Modern management of the failed bladder exstrophy closure: A 50-yr experience. Eur Urol Focus. 2020;6(2):383–389. DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.09.008.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B43"><label>43.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudin YuE, Sokolov YuYu, Rudin AYu, Kirsanov AS, Medvedeva NV, Kartseva EV. Volume of surgery in the primary closure of bladder in children with bladder exstrophy. Russian journal of pediatric surgery. 2020;(1):21–28. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.18821/1560-9510-2020-24-1-21-28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рудин Ю.Э., Соколов Ю.Ю., Рудин А.Ю., Кирсанов А.С., Медведева Н.В., Карцева Е.В. Объём операции при первичном закрытии мочевого пузыря у детей с экстрофией мочевого пузыря. Детская хирургия. 2020;(1):21–28. DOI: 10.18821/1560-9510-2020-24-1-21-28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B44"><label>44.</label><mixed-citation>Haffar A, Manyevitch R, Morrill C, Wu WJ, Maruf MN, Crigger C, Carlo HND, Gearhart JP. A single center's changing trends in the management and outcomes of primary closure of classic bladder exstrophy: An evolving landscape. Urology. 2023;175:181–186. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.12.064.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
