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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">569399</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ569399</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and clinical medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретическая и клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Study of risk factors for cataracts in a chronically exposed population cohort</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование факторов риска катаракты в когорте населения, подвергшегося хроническому облучению</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6269-5114</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">55444130700</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAT-5097-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2728-6077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikryukova</surname><given-names>Ludmila D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Микрюкова</surname><given-names>Людмила Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>M.D., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Epidemiological laboratory, Ophthalmologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник, эпидемиологическая лаборатория, врач-офтальмолог</p></bio><email>mikludm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ural Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уральский научно-практический центр радиационной медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-12-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-02-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>105</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-09-14"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-21"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-02-02"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/569399">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/569399</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The likelihood of developing cataracts is influenced by many factors, such as age, gender, ethnicity, the presence of somatic pathology (diabetes mellitus, hypertension), dietary habits and lifestyle (obesity, level of education), etc.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To study the risk of developing cataracts in exposed people in the long term after chronic radiation exposure, taking into account the influence of radiation dose and non-radiation factors.</p> <p><bold>MATERIAL AND METHODS:</bold> The total study group consisted of 14,751 people examined in the hospital of the Ural Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine from 1955 to 2019. Cataracts were diagnosed in 4,658 people. The statistical methods were based on case-control. To assess the association of the studied factors with the risk of developing cataracts, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Morbidity rates were calculated using medical statistics methods per 1000 people. When studying the incidence of cataracts, individualized indicators of radiation dose to the lens of the eye were used.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The study revealed an increase in the incidence of cataracts as the cohort ages. There was a tendency for the risk of cataracts to increase (OR=1.10; 95% CI=1.00–1.21) with increasing radiation dose. The incidence of cataracts was associated with the presence of arterial hypertension (OR=2.01; 95% CI=1.81–2.22), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.17–1.58), cerebrovascular diseases (OR=1.14; 95% CI=1.03–1.26), increased body mass index (OR=1.61; 95% CI=1.45–1.78), as well as belonging to Turkic group (OR=1.58; 95% CI=1.44–1.71), living in the city (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.15–1.38), having no family (OR=1.72; 95% CI=1.63–1.97), employment primarily in mental work (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.22–1.48).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> A tendency for the influence of radiation dose on an increase in the risk of cataracts has been established, medical and social factors that increase the likelihood of developing senile cataracts have been identified.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность.</bold> На вероятность развития катаракты влияют многие факторы, такие как возраст, пол, этни­ческая принадлежность, наличие соматической патологии (сахарный диабет, гипертоническая болезнь), особенности питания и образа жизни (ожирение, уровень образования) и др.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучить риск заболеваемости катарактой у облучённых людей в отдалённые сроки после хронического радиационного воздействия с учётом влияния дозы облучения и нерадиационных факторов.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы исследования.</bold> Общая изучаемая группа состояла из 14 751 человека, обследованных в стационаре Уральского научно-практического центра радиационной медицины с 1955 по 2019 г. Диагноз катаракты был установлен у 4658 человек. В основе статистических методов был использован «случай-контроль». Для оценки связи исследуемых факторов с риском развития катаракты рассчитывали показатель отношения шансов (ОШ) и 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ). Показатели заболеваемости рассчитывали методами медицинской статистики на 1000 человек. При исследовании заболеваемости катарактой использованы индивидуализированные показатели дозы облучения на хрусталик глаза.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> По итогам исследования выявлено увеличение заболеваемости катарактой по мере старения когорты. Была установлена тенденция увеличения риска появления катаракты (ОШ=1,10; 95% ДИ=1,00–1,21) с увеличением дозы облучения. Заболеваемость катарактой ассоциирована с наличием артериальной гипертензии (ОШ=2,01; 95% ДИ=1,81–2,22), сахарного диабета (ОШ=1,36; 95% ДИ=1,17–1,58), цереброваскулярных заболеваний (ОШ=1,14; 95% ДИ=1,03–1,26), повышенным индексом массы тела (ОШ=1,61; 95% ДИ=1,45–1,78), а также с принадлежностью к группе тюрков (ОШ=1,58; 95% ДИ=1,44–1,71), проживанием в городе (ОШ=1,26; 95% ДИ=1,15–1,38), отсутствием семьи (ОШ=1,72; 95% ДИ=1,63–1,97), занятостью преимущественно умственным трудом (ОШ=1,34; 95% ДИ=1,22–1,48).</p> <p><bold>Вывод.</bold> Установлена тенденция влияния дозы облучения на увеличение риска катаракты, а также выявлены медико-социальные факторы, увеличивающие вероятность развития старческой катаракты.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cataract</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>chronic radiation exposure</kwd><kwd>population</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>катаракта</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>хроническое радиационное воздействие</kwd><kwd>население</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Финансирование осуществлялось в рамках Федеральной целевой программы «Обеспечение ядерной и радиационной безопасности на 2016–2020 годы и на период до 2030 года».</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mediko-biologicheskie i ekologicheskie posledstviya radioaktivnogo zagryazneniya reki Techa. 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