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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">5573</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17750/KMJ2016-744</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Heat shock proteins - participants in osteoarthrosis pathogenesis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Белки теплового шока - участники патогенеза остеоартроза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabalyk</surname><given-names>M A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабалык</surname><given-names>Максим Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Maxi_maxim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gel’tser</surname><given-names>B I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гельцер</surname><given-names>Борис Израилевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Maxi_maxim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>A L</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>Алексей Леонтьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Maxi_maxim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fadeev</surname><given-names>M F</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фадеев</surname><given-names>Михаил Фёдорович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>Maxi_maxim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pacific State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Far Eastern Federal Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Дальневосточный федеральный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2016-10-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>97</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 97, NO5 (2016)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 97, №5 (2016)</issue-title><fpage>744</fpage><lpage>749</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-11-18"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2016, Kabalyk M.A., Gel’tser B.I., Osipov A.L., Fadeev M.F.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2016, Кабалык М.А., Гельцер Б.И., Осипов А.Л., Фадеев М.Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kabalyk M.A., Gel’tser B.I., Osipov A.L., Fadeev M.F.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кабалык М.А., Гельцер Б.И., Осипов А.Л., Фадеев М.Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/5573">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/5573</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Osteoarthrosis is a disease that affects all tissues of synovial joints, resulting in chronic pain and often a need for replacement. The high prevalence and the lack of reliable conservative approaches impose significant economic sanctions on most economies in the world. Currently the mechanisms of osteoarthrosis progression have been well studied. At the same time, the known pathogenetic concepts do not allow to define reliable targets of conservative treatment. There is a clear need for searching alternative concepts, which will help to expand the understanding of the pathogenesis and identify ways to address therapeutic issues. Heat shock proteins (chaperones) are involved in intra- and extracellular signaling in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The aim of this review is to analyze the current state of the problem of studying the role of heat shock proteins in the pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis. The review considers the fundamental aspects of the activation and functioning of chaperones, experience of studying chondrocyte heat shock proteins is described, issues of programmed cell death mechanisms are mentioned, scheme of shaperone activity in osteoarthrosis is illustrated. The role of heat shock proteins from the perspectives of reparation and alteration carried out in the articular cartilage is described, the prospects for further clarification of their role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis are identified. The role of two key molecules - protein with molecular weight of 70 kD and a small molecule with molecular weight of 27 kD, is emphasized. Heat shock proteins are of fundamental and applicative interest from the perspective of their participation in the key ways of osteoarthrosis pathogenesis and phenomena (oxidative, microcrystalline, hydrodynamical, stress, aging, etc.). Further study of heat shock proteins will allow to significantly expand the knowledge of osteoarthrosis and to identify ways of targeted therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Остеоартроз - заболевание, поражающее все ткани синовиальных суставов, приводящее к хронической боли и нередко к необходимости эндопротезирования. Высокая распространённость и отсутствие надёжных консервативных подходов накладывают значительные экономические санкции на большинство экономик мира. В настоящее время достаточно подробно изучены механизмы прогрессирования остеоартроза. Вместе с тем известные патогенетические концепции не позволяют определить надёжные таргеты консервативной терапии. Очевидна необходимость в поиске альтернативных концепций, которые помогут расширить понимание патогенеза и наметить пути решения терапевтических вопросов. Белки теплового шока (шапероны) принимают участие во внутри- и внеклеточной сигнализации при патогенезе многих заболеваний. Цель настоящего обзора - анализ современного состояния проблемы изучения роли белков теплового шока в патогенезе остеоартроза. В обзоре рассмотрены фундаментальные аспекты активации и функционирования шаперонов, приведён опыт исследований по изучению хондроцитарных белков теплового шока, затронуты вопросы реализации запрограммированной клеточной смерти, проиллюстрирована схема шаперональной активности при остеоартрозе. Освещена роль белков теплового шока с позиций репарации и альтерации, реализуемых в суставном хряще, намечены перспективы по дальнейшему уточнению их роли в патогенезе остеоартроза. Подчёркнута роль двух ключевых молекул - белка с массой 70 кДа и малой молекулы с массой 27 кДа. Белки теплового шока представляют фундаментальный и прикладной интерес с точки зрения их участия в реализаций ключевых путей патогенеза и феноменов остеоартроза (окислительный, микрокристаллический, гидродинамический стрессы, старение и др.). Дальнейшее изучение белков теплового шока позволит существенно расширить знания об остеоартрозе и наметить пути таргетной терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chaperone</kwd><kwd>heat shock protein</kwd><kwd>osteoarthrosis</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>inflammation</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шаперон</kwd><kwd>белок теплового шока</kwd><kwd>остеоартроз</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>воспаление</kwd><kwd>оксидативный стресс</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Кабалык М.А., Дубиков А.И., Петрикеева Т.Ю. и др. Феномен микрокристаллического стресса при остеоартрозе. Тихоокеан. мед. ж. 2014; 1: 70-74.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Кабалык М.А., Дубиков А.И., Петрикеева Т.Ю. Методы обнаружения кристаллов в суставном хряще: Status praesens. Часть 1. 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