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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1766</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ1766</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theoretical and clinical medicine</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Теоретическая и клиническая медицина</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes of intestinal microbiota in patients with HIV</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нарушения микробиоценоза кишечника у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khasanova</surname><given-names>G R</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хасанова</surname><given-names>Гульшат Рашатовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>gulshatra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anokhin</surname><given-names>V A</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анохин</surname><given-names>Владимир Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bikkinina</surname><given-names>O I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биккинина</surname><given-names>Олеся Ильмировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhbazova</surname><given-names>E N</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахбазова</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotlyar</surname><given-names>E Y</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котляр</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagimova</surname><given-names>F I</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагимова</surname><given-names>Фирая Идиятулловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Centre for AIDS and Infectious Diseases Treating and Prevention, Kazan, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканский центр по и профилактике и борьбе со СПИДом и инфекционными заболеваниями, г. Казань</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>94</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 94, NO1 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 94, №1 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Khasanova G.R., Anokhin V.A., Bikkinina O.I., Shakhbazova E.N., Kotlyar E.Y., Nagimova F.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, Хасанова Г.Р., Анохин В.А., Биккинина О.И., Шахбазова Е.Н., Котляр Е.Ю., Нагимова Ф.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khasanova G.R., Anokhin V.A., Bikkinina O.I., Shakhbazova E.N., Kotlyar E.Y., Nagimova F.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хасанова Г.Р., Анохин В.А., Биккинина О.И., Шахбазова Е.Н., Котляр Е.Ю., Нагимова Ф.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/1766">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/1766</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To assess the changes in intestinal microbiota in patients with HIV. Methods. The cultures of stool samples of 317 patients with different stages of HIV [13 (4.1%) patients - with the acute infection stage (2A, 2B, 2C), 217 (68.5%) - with the stage III, 87 (27.4%) - with the stages IVA-B according to classification by Pokrovsky V.I., 2001] were examined by plating on the growth medium and further microbiologic examination. Results. Changes in intestinal microbiota were found in 94% of the patients. The decrease in the obligatory microorganisms quantity, especially in bifidobacteria (lower than reference ranges in 70.3% of patients) was the most frequent finding. Bacterial overgrowth of conditionally pathogenic biota (mainly S. aureus and Candida) was registered in 57.1% of patients. The intestinal microbiota composition did not depend on the clinical stage of HIV infection and presence of opportunistic infections, with only CD-4 count associated with the degree of intestinal microbiota changes. Conclusion. Intestinal microbiota changes are typical for patients with HIV infection at all stages of the disease regardless of opportunistic infections presence. Low CD-4 count is associated with higher severity of intestinal microbiota changes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель. Oценка нарушений микробиоценоза кишечника у больных ВИЧ-инфекцией. Методы. Проведено микробиологическое исследование образцов кала у 317 пациентов, находящихся на разных стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции: 13 (4,1%) больных - на стадиях острой инфекции (2А, 2Б, 2В), 217 (68,5%) - на III стадии, 87 (27,4%) - на стадиях IVА-Б (по классификации Покровского В.И., 2001). Проведено микробиологическое исследование образцов кала путём посева на питательные среды. Результаты. Нарушения микробиоценоза кишечника выявлены у 94% пациентов. Преобладало снижение облигатных микроорганизмов, особенно бифидобактерий (снижение их содержания ниже нормативных показателей отмечено у 70,3% больных). У 57,1% пациентов отмечен избыточный рост условно-патогенных микроорганизмов, лидирующую позицию среди которых занимают S. аureus и грибы рода Candida. Микробный пейзаж кишечника не зависел от клинической стадии ВИЧ-инфекции и наличия оппортунистических инфекций. Единственным признаком, ассоциированным с выраженностью микробиологических нарушений, было низкое количество CD4-лимфоцитов. Вывод. Нарушения микробиоценоза кишечника типичны для больных ВИЧ-инфекцией на всех стадиях заболевания независимо от наличия оппортунистических инфекций; низкое содержание СD4-лимфоцитов ассоциировано с большей выраженностью указанных изменений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbiota changes</kwd><kwd>systemic inflammatory response syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>нарушения микробиоценоза кишечника</kwd><kwd>синдром системного воспалительного ответа</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Хасанова Г.Р., Биккинина О.И., Анохин В.А. и др. Кишечный эндотоксин как вероятный индуктор системного воспалительного ответа при ВИЧ-инфекции // Практ. мед. - 2012. - №1. - C. 52-55.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Anukam K.C., Osazuwa E.O., Osadolor H.B. et al. 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