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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1596</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ1596</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Unethical drug promotion by pharmaceutical industry as the main barrier to the rational use of medicines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неэтичное продвижение лекарств фармацевтической индустрией - основной барьер к их рациональному использованию</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshina</surname><given-names>L E</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшина</surname><given-names>Лилия Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>lezign@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Niyazov</surname><given-names>R R</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ниязов</surname><given-names>Равиль Рашидович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Center for Medicinal Products Expertise, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения, г. Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>94</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 94, NO2 (2013)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 94, №2 (2013)</issue-title><fpage>240</fpage><lpage>244</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2013, Ziganshina L.E., Niyazov R.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2013, Зиганшина Л.Е., Ниязов Р.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ziganshina L.E., Niyazov R.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зиганшина Л.Е., Ниязов Р.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/1596">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/1596</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The review surveys the problems of pharmaceutical promotion and public health. Global and domestic realities of pharmaceutical marketing are discussed. Various promotional activities of pharmaceutical industry are described with special emphasis on journal advertisements. Examples of unethical marketing practices of the global pharmaceutical companies are presented with details of the fines paid by the companies for unethical promotion of their products for «off-label» use or for long-term concealing of adverse drug reactions known by the companies long before they become freely available for the society. The review presents definition of «disease selling» as a technique extensively used by pharmaceutical industry to promote their products and increase income. Evidence of pharmaceutical promotion detrimental effects on physicians’ prescribing practices is presented in line with the evidence of funding distribution distortion: the global pharmaceutical expenditures for drug promotion are far exceeding research and development funding. The review describes, with few exceptions, the medical journal editors general lack of awareness of journal advertisements influence on prescribers’ knowledge, attitudes and medicine use. The review reveals promotional nature of advertisements as opposed to information delivery. It describes unethical marketing techniques including journal advertising used as an instrument of promotional idea delivery to physicians and the problem of promotional influence on prescribing. The review emphasizes that pharmaceutical industry self-regulation as well as medical journals peer reviewing process do not protect from misleading advertising. It concludes that pharmaceutical advertising, and advertising in medical journals as an example is not informative and threatens public health, requiring detailed regulation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В обзоре рассмотрена проблема продвижения лекарств фармацевтической промышленностью и здоровья населения. Обсуждаются общемировые и отечественные реалии фармацевтического маркетинга. Описаны различные приёмы промоционной деятельности фармацевтической индустрии с акцентом на рекламу в профессиональных медицинских журналах. Приведены примеры неэтичной маркетинговой практики глобальных фармацевтических компаний с деталями штрафов, выплаченных компаниями за неэтичное продвижение своих продуктов не по показаниям или за длительное сокрытие неблагоприятных эффектов своих продуктов, известных компаниям задолго до общественного резонанса. В обзоре дано определение технологии «впаривания болезней», или «продажи болезней», широко используемой фарминдустрией для продвижения своих продуктов и увеличения доходов. Доказательства пагубного влияния фармацевтического маркетинга на назначения лекарств врачами представлены в параллели со свидетельствами искажений распределения финансирования, когда глобальные расходы на продвижение лекарств существенно превышают объём финансирования исследований и разработок новых лекарств. Обзор описывает в качестве общей тенденции отсутствие осведомлённости, за редким исключением, редакторов медицинских журналов о вредоносном влиянии журнальной рекламы на знания, отношение к лекарствам и их использование врачами. Постулируется, что реклама лекарственных средств - инструмент их продвижения, а не информирования. В обзоре описаны неэтичные способы завоевания рынка, в том числе путём рекламирования лекарственных средств. Изложена проблема журнальной рекламы как инструмента доведения до врача рекламной идеи и усиления её воздействия на лекарственные назначения. Обзор подчёркивает, что саморегулирование фармацевтической индустрии, так же как и рецензирование рекламы редакторами медицинских журналов, не защищает от введения в заблуждение рекламой. Сделан вывод, что реклама лекарственных средств в медицинских журналах неинформативна, потенциально угрожает здоровью населения и требует всестороннего регулирования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>unethical drug promotion</kwd><kwd>ethical criteria of medicinal drug promotion</kwd><kwd>advertising in medical journal</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неэтичное продвижение лекарств</kwd><kwd>этические критерии продвижения лекарственных средств на рынок</kwd><kwd>реклама в профессиональных медицинских журналах</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Армстронг Г., Вонг В., Котлер Ф. и др. Основы маркетинга, 4-е европейское издание. 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