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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Kazan medical journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Kazan medical journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Казанский медицинский журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0368-4814</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9359</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1568</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/KMJ1568</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern possibilities for correction of disturbances of cellular energetics in ophthalmology</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные возможности коррекции нарушений клеточной энергетики в офтальмологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazizova</surname><given-names>I R</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газизова</surname><given-names>Ильмира Рифовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ilmira_ufa@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет, г. Уфа</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2012-08-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 93, NO4 (2012)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 93, №4 (2012)</issue-title><fpage>668</fpage><lpage>671</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2016-03-28"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2012, Gazizova I.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2012, Газизова И.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gazizova I.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Газизова И.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/1568">https://kazanmedjournal.ru/kazanmedj/article/view/1568</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Disturbances in the mitochondrial functions that are responsible for energy metabolism of the cell, plays an important role in the development of many diseases of the eye. Among diseases of the vision organ the one with sufficient evidence of mitochondrial pathology is Leber’s release, which is associated with mutations of the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid. This article provides an overview of the published literature on the research investigations of modern methods and means of correction of mitochondrial dysfunction during inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases of the eye. Describe were the potential methods of replacement therapy and protection of mitochondria from the aggressive effects of free radicals. With the help of gene technology an increase in the number of antioxidant enzymes in the cells of the retina can be achieved. Recent authors have focused on the possibility of using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. The possibility of controlling the main links of the apoptotic cascade and reducing the loss of retinal ganglion cells using gene therapy has been investigated in an experiment. Restoration of the balance of calcium and mitochondrial membrane potential in the phenomenon of excitotoxicity has been shown by using calcium channel blockers. We believe that gene therapy of mitochondrial dysfunction is the most promising trend for the correction of cellular energetic disturbances in ophthalmology.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Нарушение функций митохондрий, отвечающих за энергетический метаболизм клетки, играет важную роль в развитии многих заболеваний органа зрения. Среди болезней органа зрения с доказанной митохондриальной патологией выделяют болезнь Лебера, связанную с мутациями митохондриальной дезоксирибонуклеиновой кислоты. В статье представлен обзор литературных данных об изысканиях современных способов и средств коррекции нарушения функций митохондрий при воспалительных и нейродегенеративных глазных заболеваниях. Описаны потенциальные методы заместительной терапии и защиты митохондрий от агрессивного воздействия свободных радикалов. При помощи генных технологий достигают повышения количества ферментов антиоксидантной защиты в клетках сетчатки глаза. Современные авторы делают акцент на возможностях применения митохондриально-адресованных антиоксидантов. В эксперименте исследовали возможность контроля основных звеньев апоптозного каскада и сокращения гибели ганглионарных клеток сетчатки при помощи генной терапии. Восстановление баланса кальция и мембранного потенциала митохондрий при явлении эксайтотоксичности показано при использовании блокаторов кальциевых каналов. Самым перспективным направлением в коррекции нарушений клеточной энергетики в офтальмологии мы считаем генную терапию дисфункции митохондрий.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cellular energetics</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd><kwd>eye diseases</kwd><kwd>gene therapy</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>excitotoxicity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клеточная энергетика</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd><kwd>глазные болезни</kwd><kwd>генная терапия</kwd><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>эксайтотоксичность</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Архипова Л.Т., Архипова М.М., Бакеева Л.Е. и др. Производное пластохинона, адресованное в митохондрии, как средство, прерывающее программу старения. Связанные с возрастом заболевания глаз. 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