Kazan medical journalKazan medical journal0368-48142587-9359Eco-Vector1051510.17816/KMJ2018-973Research ArticleSocial and age-related aspects of informativeness of indirect laboratory markers of alcohol consumptionNovikovD Gkld-omsk@mail.ruIndutnyyA Vkld-omsk@mail.ruSamusevaN Lkld-omsk@mail.ruOmsk State Medical University2511201899697397926112018Copyright © 2018, Novikov D.G., Indutnyy A.V., Samuseva N.L.2018<p><strong>Aim.</strong> To compare the diagnostic capabilities of indirect laboratory markers of alcohol consumption - alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, depending on the social status and age group of the subjects.</p>
<p><strong>Methods.</strong> The activity of enzymes were assessed in the blood serum of socially adapted young subjects (18-25 years, 201 people) and adults (35-50 years, 121 people) by standard biochemical methods, and the level of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin was determined by capillary electrophoresis. With the use of questionnaires, the subjects were tested for alcohol abuse. Non-parametric criteria of statistical significance were used to evaluate the difference.</p>
<p><strong>Results.</strong> No differences in the activity of enzymes associated with the level of alcohol consumption were found in the youth group (p = 0.911 for alanine aminotransferase, p = 0.669 for aspartate aminotransferase, p = 0.303 for gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase). Activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase was significantly higher in adult group of alcohol abuse (p = 0.021), but individual values of enzyme activity of some subjects from this group fit into the population reference interval. Differences in the level of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in the youth group, associated with the volume and frequency of alcohol consumption, were not revealed (p = 0.348), and all individual values were within the reference interval. In the adult group, values of this parameter were higher in high-dose alcohol drinkers (p = 0.019) but the diagnostic threshold of alcohol abuse was reached only in 2 subjects.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Indirect laboratory markers do not have sufficient diagnostic significance for screening of alcohol abuse among socially adapted young people and adults. Informativeness of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin may be sufficient if the diagnostic threshold corresponding to a definite social and age group replaces the standard population-established concentration limit.</p>alcohol consumptionyouthage-depended featureslaboratory methods of verificationалкоголизациямолодежьвозрастные особенностилабораторные методы верификации[Solov’yov A.M. Comparative level of alcohol consumption in Europe. Problemy prognozirovaniya. 2016; (1): 126–133. (In Russ.)][Niemelä O. Biomarker-Based Approaches for Assessing Alcohol Use Disorders. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016; 13 (2): 166. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13020166.][Order of the Ministry of Health care of the Russian Federation #933n issued on 18.12.2015 «On the order of medical examination of intoxication (alcohol, drugs or other toxic state)». https://minjust.consultant.ru/documents/19052/. (In Russ.)][Ogurtsov P.P., Zhirov I.V. Neotlozhnaya alkogol’naya patologiya. (Emergency alcoholic pathology.) Saint Petersburg: Nevskiy Dialekt. 2002; 120 p. (In Russ.)][Knight J.R., Sherritt L., Shrier L.A. Validity of the CRAFFT Substance Abuse Screening Test among Adolescent Clinic Patients. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 2002; 156 (6): 607–614. DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.156.6.607.][Novikov D.G., Indutnyy A.V., Trofimovich N.A. et al. Clinical and biochemical aspects of coagulation control in patients with atrial fibrillation and excessive alcohol consumption. Kazanskiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. 2015; 96 (5): 734–741. (In Russ.)][Peterson K. Biomarkers for alcohol use and abuse — a summary. Alcohol Res. Health. 2005; 28 (1): 30–37. PMID: 19006989.][Hingson R.W., Zha W. Binge Drinking Above and Below Twice the Adolescent Thresholds and Health-Risk Behaviors. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 2018; 42 (5): 904–913. DOI: 10.1111/acer.13627.][Tarasova O.I., Ogurtsov P.P., Mazurchik N.V., et al. Modern laboratory markers of alcohol consumption. Klinicheskaya farmakologiya i terapiya. 2007; 16 (1): 1–5. (In Russ.)][Golka K., Wiese A. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) — a biomarker for long-term alcohol consumption. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. 2004. 7 (5): 319–337. DOI: 10.1080/10937400490432400.][Tavakoli H.R., Hull M., Okasinski M.L. Review of current clinical biomarkers for the detection of alcohol dependence. Innovations in clinical neuroscience. 2011; 8 (3): 26–33. PMID: 21487543.]