Transformation of the Botanical Composition of the Herbage with the Use of Mineral Fertilizers and Sowing Seeds on the Developed Peat Bog

The results of a 5-year study of changes in the botanical composition of seeded and natural herbage, soil properties depending on the applied agricultural techniques, which included direct sowing of grasses into the turf of the developed peat bog and the use of mineral fertilizers, are presented. The introduction of mineral fertilizers contributed to the enrichment of the soil with available nutrients, which made it possible to increase the productivity of herbs in combination with sowing by 2.0–4.7 times, to improve their quality by optimizing the botanical composition of the herbage. It was found that the use of mineral fertilizers in doses of N60P60K90 and N60P90K120 in variants with natural and cultural phytocenoses provided an increase in the proportion of valuable legumes and cereals, reducing the proportion of various grasses from 53 to 25–34%.